
MOTOROLA
5-20
SCI SUBMODULE
QSM
REFERENCE MANUAL
Figure 5-9 Start Search Example 7
5.4.2 Receiver Functional Operation
The receiver contains a receive serial shifter and a parallel RDR. While one character
is in the process of being shifted in, another character may be held in RDR. This ca-
pability is called double buffering. The receive serial shifter cannot be accessed direct-
ly by the CPU. The input of the receive serial shifter is connected to the majority
sampling logic of the receive bit processor.
The receiver is enabled when RE in SCCR1 is set to one. When RE is zero, the receiv-
er is initialized and most of the receiver bit processor logic is disabled. The receiver bit
processor logic drives a state machine (run by the RT clock) that determines the logic
level for each bit-time. This state machine controls when the bit processor logic is to
sample the RXD pin and also controls when data is to be passed to the receive serial
shifter. Data is shifted into the receive serial shifter according to the most recent syn-
chronization of the RT clock with the incoming data stream. From this point on, the
data is moved synchronously with the MCU system clock.
The first bit shifted in is the start bit, which is always a logic zero. The next eight bits
shifted in are the basic data byte (LSB first). The next bit shifted in depends on the
mode selected by M in SCCR1. If M = 1, then the bit is the ninth data bit and is placed
in R8 of SCDR, concurrent with the transfer of data from the receive serial shifter to
register RDR.
The last bit shifted in for each frame is the stop bit, which is always a logic one. If a
logic zero is sensed during this bit-time, the FE error flag in SCSR is set. A framing
error is usually caused by mismatched baud rates between the receiver and transmit-
ter or by a significant burst of noise. Note that a framing error is not always caught; the
data in the expected stop bit-time may be a logic one regardless.
When the stop bit is received, the frame is considered to be complete, and the re-
ceived character in the receive serial shifter is transferred in parallel to RDR. If M = 1,
the ninth bit is transferred at the same time; however, if the RDRF flag in SCSR is set,
transfers are inhibited. Instead, the OR error flag is set, indicating to the user that the
CPU needs to service register RDR faster. The data in RDR is preserved, but the data
in the receive serial shifter is lost.
LSB
R
T
1
R
T
1
R
T
1
R
T
1
R
T
1
R
T
1
R
T
1
R
T
1
R
T
1
R
T
1
R
T
1
R
T
2
R
T
3
R
T
4
R
T
5
R
T
6
R
T
7
R
T
8
R
T
9
R
T
1
0
R
T
1
1
R
T
1
2
R
T
1
3
R
T
1
4
R
T
1
6
R
T
2
R
T
3
1
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
R
T
1
5
Restart RT Clock
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
*
PERCEIVED START BIT
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
ACTUAL START BIT
F
Freescale Semiconductor, Inc.
For More Information On This Product,
Go to: www.freescale.com
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.