
ADSP-2192M
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REV. 0
Instruction Set Description
The ADSP-2192M assembly language instruction set has an 
algebraic syntax that was designed for ease of coding and read-
ability. The assembly language, which takes full advantage of the 
processor’s unique architecture, offers the following benefits:
 ADSP-219x assembly language syntax is a superset of and 
source code compatible (except for two data registers and 
DAG base address registers) with ADSP-218x family 
syntax. Existing 218x programs may need to be restruc-
tured, however, to accommodate the ADSP-2192M’s 
unified memory space and to conform to its interrupt 
vector map.
 The algebraic syntax eliminates the need to remember 
cryptic assembler mnemonics. For example, a typical 
arithmetic add instruction, such as AR = AX0 + AY0, 
resembles a simple equation.
 Every instruction, except two, assembles into a single, 
24-bit word that can execute in a single instruction cycle. 
The exceptions are two dual-word instructions, one of 
which writes 16- or 24-bit immediate data to memory, 
and the other of which jumps/calls to other pages 
in memory.
 Multifunction instructions allow parallel execution of an 
arithmetic, MAC, or shift instruction with up to two 
fetches or one write to processor memory space during a 
single instruction cycle.
 Supports a wider variety of conditional and unconditional 
jumps and calls, and a larger set of conditions on which 
to base execution of conditional instructions.
Development Tools
The ADSP-2192M is supported with a complete set of software 
and hardware development tools, including Analog Devices 
emulators and VisualDSP++
 development environment. The 
same emulator hardware that supports other ADSP-219x DSPs, 
also fully emulates the ADSP-2192M.
The VisualDSP++ project management environment lets pro-
grammers develop and debug an application. This environment 
includes an easy to use assembler that is based on an algebraic 
syntax; an archiver (librarian/library builder), a linker, a loader, 
a cycle-accurate instruction-level simulator, a C/C++ compiler, 
and a C/C++ runtime library that includes DSP and mathemat-
ical functions. Two key points for these tools are:
 Compiled ADSP-219x C/C++ code efficiency—the 
compiler has been developed for efficient translation of 
C/C++ code to ADSP-219x assembly. The DSP has 
architectural features that improve the efficiency of 
compiled C/C++ code.
 ADSP-218x family code compatibility—The assembler 
has legacy features to ease the conversion of existing 
ADSP-218x applications to the ADSP-219x.
Debugging both C/C++ and assembly programs with the 
VisualDSP++ debugger, programmers can:
 View mixed C/C++ and assembly code (interleaved 
source and object information)
 Insert break points
 Set conditional breakpoints on registers, memory, and 
stacks
 Trace instruction execution
 Perform linear or statistical profiling of program 
execution
 Fill, dump, and graphically plot the contents of memory
 Source level debugging
 Create custom debugger windows
The VisualDSP++ IDE lets programmers define and manage 
DSP software development. Its dialog boxes and property pages 
let programmers configure and manage all of the ADSP-219x 
development tools, including the syntax highlighting in the 
VisualDSP++ editor. This capability permits:
 Control how the development tools process inputs and 
generate outputs.
 Maintain a one-to-one correspondence with the tool’s 
command line switches.
Analog Devices DSP emulators use the IEEE 1149.1 JTAG test 
access port of the ADSP-2192M processor to monitor and 
control the target board processor during emulation. The 
emulator provides full-speed emulation, allowing inspection and 
modification of memory, registers, and processor stacks. Nonin-
trusive in-circuit emulation is assured by the use of the processor’s 
JTAG interface—the emulator does not affect target system 
loading or timing.
In addition to the software and hardware development tools 
available from Analog Devices, third parties provide a wide range 
of tools supporting the ADSP-219x processor family. Hardware 
tools include ADSP-219x PC plug-in cards. Third party software 
tools include DSP libraries, real-time operating systems, and 
block diagram design tools.
Designing an Emulator-Compatible DSP Board 
(Target)
The White Mountain DSP (Product Line of Analog Devices, 
Inc.) family of emulators are tools that every DSP developer 
needs to test and debug hardware and software systems. Analog 
Devices has supplied an IEEE 1149.1 JTAG Test Access Port 
(TAP) on each JTAG DSP. The emulator uses the TAP to access 
the internal features of the DSP, allowing the developer to load 
code, set breakpoints, observe variables, observe memory, and 
examine registers. The DSP must be halted to send data and 
commands, but once an operation has been completed by the 
emulator, the DSP system is set running at full speed with no 
impact on system timing.
To use these emulators, the target’s design must include the 
interface between an Analog Devices JTAG DSP and the 
emulation header on a custom DSP target board.
VisualDSP++ is a registered trademark of Analog Devices, Inc.