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Operand Bus Cycle Operation
The timing diagram in figure 26 (see page 24) shows signal
relationships for the UT1750AR during an operand bus cycle
operation. The UT1750AR performs one of four operations
involving bus cycles on the Operand busses. These bus cycles
are: (1) Memory Read; (2) Memory Write; (3) I/O Read; and
(4) I/O Write. The UT1750AR performs all four bus cycle
operations similarly. The M/IOand R/WR signals determine the
precise type of bus cycle operation. For the following
discussion, please refer to figure 26.
When the Operand bus arbitration process is complete and the
UT1750AR controls the Operand address and data busses, time
period CK3 begins. Because the UT1750AR took control of the
Operand busses at the beginning of time period CK3, BGACK
becomes active. STATE1 transitions from low to high and AS
goes active low. At the same time, the following signals become
valid: R/WR, M/IO, OP/IN, and the Operand Address Bus. The
three control signals determine the direction and type of bus
cycle taking place.
One-half clock cycle after the beginning of time period CK4 or
one full clock cycle after the start of time period CK3, DS goes
active low. After DS has gone low, the UT1750AR samples the
DTACK input on every subsequent rising edge of OSCIN to
determine the duration of CK4. This bus cycle terminates one-
half clock cycle after the rising edge of OSCIN when the
UT1750AR detects DTACK has gone active. The UT1750AR
also samples the MPROT and BTERR inputs on the same rising
edge of OSCIN. These two inputs indicate an error condition
and terminate the current bus cycle.
After the UT1750AR recognizes the current bus cycle is
finished, AS and DS become inactive (transition from low to
high) on the first rising edge of OSCIN after the end of time
period CK4. At this time, the Operand Address Bus (A0-A15)
and the Operand bus control signals (R/WR , M/IO, OP/IN)
select the memory or I/O location from which the Operand data
(D0-D15) is read, or to which the Operand data (D0-D15) is
written. The bus cycle completely ends one full clock cycle after
the end of time period CK4 (the next rising edge of STATE1)
when BGACK, R/WR, OP/IN, and the Operand address and
data busses enter a high-impedance state.
DMA Operation and Bus Arbitration
Figure 27 (see page 25) shows the timing diagram of the signal
relationships for the UT1750AR during a DMA operation. For
DMA operations, multiprocessor, and Operand bus arbitration
functions, the UT1750AR provides four active-low control
signals for managing the Operand bus and preventing bus
contention. These signals are Bus Request (BRG), Bus Grant
(BGNT), Bus Busy (BUSY), and Bus Grant Acknowledge
(BGACK).
Each of the four bus control signals provides a specific function
for controlling Operand bus operation. The function of each of
the four signals is given below.
Bus Request (BRO)
The UT1750AR generates BRG to indicate a request to use the
Operand busses. When the UT1750AR controls the Operand
busses, if it then requires successive bus cycles, multiple Bus
Requests are not generated. The UT1750AR retains control of
the busses by keeping theBGACK signal active until it no longer
requires the busses.
Bus Grant (BGNT)
An external arbiter generates this input indicating to the
UT1750AR that it has the highest priority. This informs the
UT1750AR to control the Operand busses as soon as the present
bus master relinquishes bus control by setting BUSY = 1.
Bus Busy (BUSY)
Another bus master generates BUSY input to the UT1750AR,
indicating another bus master is using the bus.
Bus Grant Acknowledge (BGACK)
The UT1750AR generates this signal to indicate it is the present
bus master. BGACK enters a high-impedance state when the
UT1750AR gives up control of the Operand busses.
The UT1750AR requests control of the Operand busses at the
beginning of time period CK2 by asserting BRG. On every
subsequent falling edge of OSCIN, the UT1750AR samples the
BGNT and BUSY inputs. When the UT1750AR detects on the
falling edge of OSCIN that BGNT has gone low andBUSY has
gone high, this tells the UT1750AR that it is the new bus master
and can now control the Operand busses. The UT1750AR locks
out any other bus master from controlling the Operand busses
by asserting BGACK at the beginning of time period CK3 and
holding BGACK active until it is ready to give up control of the
Operand busses. The UT1750AR holds the BGACK signal
active until the beginning of the CK3 time period of the next
bus cycle when the UT1750AR no longer controls the Operand
busses.