參數(shù)資料
型號: R5F21274JFP
元件分類: 微控制器/微處理器
英文描述: 16-BIT, FLASH, 20 MHz, MICROCONTROLLER, PQFP32
封裝: 7 X 7 MM, 0.80 MM PITCH, PLASTIC, LQFP-32
文件頁數(shù): 41/52頁
文件大小: 620K
代理商: R5F21274JFP
63
ATmega165A/PA/325A/PA/3250A/PA/645A/P/6450A/P [DATASHEET]
8285E–AVR–02/2013
Switching between input with pull-up and output low generates the same problem. The user must use either the tri-
state ({DDxn, PORTxn} = 0b00) or the output high state ({DDxn, PORTxn} = 0b11) as an intermediate step.
Table 14-1 on page 63 summarizes the control signals for the pin value.
14.2.4
Reading the pin value
Independent of the setting of Data Direction bit DDxn, the port pin can be read through the PINxn Register bit. As
shown in Figure 14-2, the PINxn Register bit and the preceding latch constitute a synchronizer. This is needed to
avoid metastability if the physical pin changes value near the edge of the internal clock, but it also introduces a
delay. Figure 14-3 shows a timing diagram of the synchronization when reading an externally applied pin value.
The maximum and minimum propagation delays are denoted t
pd,max and tpd,min respectively.
Figure 14-3. Synchronization when reading an externally applied pin value.
Consider the clock period starting shortly after the first falling edge of the system clock. The latch is closed when
the clock is low, and goes transparent when the clock is high, as indicated by the shaded region of the “SYNC
LATCH” signal. The signal value is latched when the system clock goes low. It is clocked into the PINxn Register at
the succeeding positive clock edge. As indicated by the two arrows tpd,max and tpd,min, a single signal transition
on the pin will be delayed between and 1 system clock period depending upon the time of assertion.
When reading back a software assigned pin value, a nop instruction must be inserted as indicated in Figure 14-4
on page 64. The out instruction sets the “SYNC LATCH” signal at the positive edge of the clock. In this case, the
delay tpd through the synchronizer is one system clock period.
Table 14-1.
Port pin configurations.
DDxn
PORTxn
PUD
(in MCUCR)
I/O
Pull-up
Comment
0
X
Input
No
Tri-state (Hi-Z)
0
1
0
Input
Yes
Pxn will source current if ext. pulled low.
0
1
Input
No
Tri-state (Hi-Z)
1
0
X
Output
No
Output Low (Sink)
1
X
Output
No
Output High (Source)
XXX
in r17, PINx
0x00
0xFF
INSTRUCTIONS
SYNC LATCH
PINxn
r17
XXX
SYSTEM CLK
t
pd, max
t pd, min
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