Lattice Semiconductor
ORCA ORSO82G5 Data Sheet
31
Line Overhead Bytes:
– H1, H2 - STS Payload Pointers (H1 and H2) - These bytes are used to locate the start of the SPE in a
SONET frame. These two bytes contain the offset value, in bytes, between the pointer bytes and the start of
the SPE. These bytes are used for all the STS-1 signals contained in an STS-N signal to indicate the individ-
ual starting positions of the SPEs. They bytes also contain justication indications, concatenation indications
and path alarm indication (AIS-P).
– H3 - Pointer Action Byte (H3) - This byte is used during frequency justications. When a negative justication
is performed, one extra payload byte is inserted into the SONET frame. The H3 byte is used to hold this extra
byte and is hence called the pointer action byte. When justication is not being performed, this byte contains
a default value of 0x00.
– B2 - Line Bit-Interleaved Parity code (BIP-8) byte - This byte carries the parity information which is used to
check for transmission errors in a line. This is a even parity computed over all the bytes of the frame, except
section overhead bytes, before scrambling. The computed parity value is transmitted in the next frame in the
B2 position. This byte is dened for all the STS-1signals in an STS-N signal.
– K1, K2 - Automatic Protection Switching (APS channel) bytes - These bytes carry the APS information. They
are used for implementing automatic protection switching and for transmitting the line Alarm Indication Sig-
nal (AIS-L) and the Remote Defect Indication (RDI-L) signal.
– D4 to D12 - Line Data Communications Channel (DCC) bytes - These bytes provide a 576 Kbps channel for
transmission of information.
– S1- Synchronization Status - This byte carries the synchronization status of the network element. It is
located in the rst STS-1 of an STS-N. Bits 5 through 8 of this byte carry the synchronization status.
– Z1 - Growth - This byte is located in the second through Nth STS-1s of an STS-N and are allocated for future
growth. An STS-1 signal does not contain a Z1 byte.
– M0 - STS-1 REI-L - This byte is dened only for STS-1 signals and is used to convey the Line Remote Error
Indication (REI-L). The REI-L is the count of the number of B2 parity errors detected by an LTE and is trans-
mitted to its peer LTE as feedback information. Bits 5 through 8 of this byte are used for this function.
– E2 - Orderwire byte - This byte carries for line orderwire information.