LTC4099
0
4099fd
Overtemperature Battery Conditioner
Since Li-Ion batteries deteriorate with full voltage and
high temperature, the LTC4099 contains an automatic
batteryconditionercircuitthatreducesthebatteryvolt-
ageifbothhightemperatureandhighvoltagearepresent
simultaneously.
Recallthatbatterychargingisinhibitedifthethermistor
temperaturereaches45°C.Ifthethermistortemperature
climbsabove60°C,andthebatteryconditionercircuitis
enabled,aninternalloadofapproximately180mAisap-
pliedtoBAT.Oncethebatteryvoltagedropsto3.9V,orthe
thermistorreadingdropsbelow58°C,theinternalloadis
disabled.Batterychargingresumesoncethethermistor
temperaturedropsbelow42°C.
WhenactivatedviatheI2Cport,thebatteryconditioner
operates whether or not external power is available,
charginghasterminatedorcharginghasbeendisabled
byI2Ccontrol.
Notethatthiscircuitcandissipatesignificantpowerinside
theLTC4099.Topreventanexcessivetemperaturerise
oftheLTC4099,theLTC4099reducesdischargecurrent
asneededtopreventajunctiontemperatureriseabove
120°C.
Thermal Regulation
TopreventthermaldamagetotheLTC4099orsurrounding
componentsduringnormalcharging,aninternalthermal
feedbackloopwillautomaticallydecreasetheprogrammed
chargecurrentifthedietemperaturerisesto105°C.This
thermalregulationtechniqueprotectstheLTC4099from
excessivetemperatureduetohighpoweroperationorhigh
ambientthermalconditions,andallowstheusertopush
thelimitsofthepowerhandlingcapabilitywithagiven
circuitboarddesign.ThebenefitoftheLTC4099thermal
regulationloopisthatchargecurrentcanbesetaccording
toactual,ratherthanworst-case,conditionsforagiven
applicationwiththeassurancethatthechargerwillauto-
maticallyreducethecurrentinworst-caseconditions.
Thethermalregulationset-pointcanbeadjusteddownto
85°Cfromthedefault105°CsettingusingtheI2Cport,as
explainedintheInputDatasection.
Overvoltage Protection
TheLTC4099canprotectitselffromtheinadvertentap-
plicationofexcessivevoltagetoVBUSorWALLwithjust
twoexternalcomponents:anN-channelMOSFETanda
6.2kresistor.Themaximumsafeovervoltagemagnitude
willbedeterminedbythechoiceoftheexternalFETand
itsassociateddrainbreakdownvoltage.
Theovervoltageprotectioncircuitconsistsoftwopins.The
first,OVSENS,isusedtomeasuretheexternallyapplied
voltagethroughanexternalresistor.Thesecond,OVGATE,
isanoutputusedtodrivethegatepinoftheexternalFET.
WhenOVSENSisbelow6V,aninternalchargepumpwill
driveOVGATEtoapproximately1.88OVSENS.Thiswill
enhancetheN-channelFETandprovidealowimpedance
connectiontoVBUSorWALLwhichwill,inturn,power
theLTC4099.IfOVSENSshouldriseabove6Vduetoa
faultoruseofanincorrectwalladapter,OVGATEwillbe
pulledtoGND,disablingtheexternalFETand,therefore,
protectingtheLTC4099.Whenthevoltagedropsbelow
6Vagain,theexternalFETwillbere-enabled.
SeetheApplicationsInformationsectionforexamplesof
multipleinputprotections,reverseinputprotectionand
recommendedcomponents.
Suspend LDO
TheLTC4099providesasmallamountofpowertoVOUT
insuspendmodebyincludinganLDOfromVBUStoVOUT.
ThisLDOwillpreventthebatteryfromrunningdownwhen
theportableproducthasaccesstoasuspendedUSBport.
Regulatingat4.6V,thisLDOonlybecomesactivewhen
theinternalswitchingconverterisdisabled.Toremain
compliantwiththeUSBspecification,theinputtotheLDO
iscurrent-limitedsothatitwillnotexceedthelowpower
orhighpowersuspendspecification.IftheloadonVOUT
exceedsthesuspendcurrentlimit,theadditionalcurrent
willcomefromthebatteryviatheidealdiodes.Thesus-
pendLDOsendsascaledcopyoftheVBUScurrenttothe
CLPROGpin,whichwillservotoamaximumvoltageof
approximately100mV.Thus,thehighpowerandlowpower
suspendsettingsarerelatedtothelevelsprogrammedby
thesameCLPROGresistorforthe100mA,500mAand
otherswitchingpowerpathsettings.Commandbits,ILIM2
operaTion