IDT / ICS FREQUENCY GENERATOR/JITTER ATTENUATION
19
ICS813076CYI REV. A JULY 8, 2008
ICS813076I
FREQUENCY GENERATOR/JITTER ATTENUATION FOR WIRELESS INFRASTRUCTURE
VCXO-PLL EXTERNAL COMPONENTS
Choosing the correct external components and having a proper
printed circuit board (PCB) layout is a key task for quality
operation of the VCXO-PLL. In choosing a crystal, special
precaution must be taken with the package and load
capacitance (C
L
). In addition, frequency, accuracy and
temperature range must also be considered. Since the pulling
range of a crystal also varies with the package, it is
recommended that a metal-canned package like HC49 be
used. Generally, a metal-canned package has a larger pulling
range than a surface mounted device (SMD). For crystal
selection information, refer to the
VCXO Crystal Selection
Application Note.
The crystal’s load capacitance C
L
characteristic determines its
resonating frequency and is closely related to the VCXO tuning
range. The total external capacitance seen by the crystal when
installed on a board is the sum of the stray board capacitance,
IC package lead capacitance, internal varactor capacitance and
any installed tuning capacitors (C
TUNE
).
If the crystal C
L
is greater than the total external capacitance,
the VCXO will oscillate at a higher frequency than the crystal
specification. If the crystal C
L
is lower than the total external
capacitance, the VCXO will oscillate at a lower frequency than
VCXO-PLL LOOP BANDWIDTH SELECTION TABLE
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2
CRYSTAL CHARACTERISTICS
VCXO CHARACTERISTICS TABLE
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the crystal specification. In either case, the absolute tuning
range is reduced. The correct value of C
L
is dependant on the
characteristics of the VCXO. The recommended C
L
in the
Crystal Parameter Table balances the tuning range by
centering the tuning curve.
The
VCXO-PLL Loop Bandwidth Selection Table shows R
S
, C
S
and C
P
values for recommended high, mid and low loop
bandwidth configurations. The device has been characterized
using these parameters. For other configurations, refer to the
Loop Filter Component Selection for VCXO Based PLLs
Application Note.
The crystal and external loop
filter components should be
kept as close as possible to
the device. Loop filter and
crystal traces should be kept
short and separated from
each other. Other signal
traces should be kept
separate and not run
underneath the device, loop
filter or crystal components.
LF0
LF1
ISET
XTAL_IN
XTAL_OUT
RS
C
S
C
P
R
SET
C
TUNE
C
TUNE
30.72MHz