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參數資料
| 型號： | S3C70F4XX-AV |
| 元件分類： | 微控制器/微處理器 |
| 英文描述： | 4-BIT, MROM, 6 MHz, MICROCONTROLLER, PDIP30 |
| 封裝： | 0.400 INCH, SDIP-30 |
| 文件頁數： | 100/179頁 |
| 文件大?。?/td> | 1070K |
| 代理商： | S3C70F4XX-AV |
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ADDRESS SPACES
S3C70F2/C70F4/P70F4
2-14
STACK OPERATIONS
STACK POINTER (SP)
The stack pointer (SP) is an 8-bit register that stores the address used to access the stack, an area of data
memory set aside for temporary storage of data and addresses. The SP is mapped to RAM addresses
F80H-F81H, and can be read or written by 8-bit control instructions. When addressing the SP, bit 0 must always
remain cleared to logic zero.
F80H
SP3
SP2
SP1
"0"
F81H
SP7
SP6
SP5
SP4
There are two basic stack operations: writing to the top of the stack (push), and reading from the top of the stack
(pop). A push decrements the SP and a pop increments it so that the SP always points to the top address of the
last data to be written to the stack.
The program counter contents and program status word are stored in the stack area prior to the execution of a
CALL or a PUSH instruction, or during interrupt service routines. Stack operation is a LIFO (Last In-First Out)
type. The stack area is located in general-purpose data memory bank 0.
During an interrupt or a subroutine, the PC value and the PSW values are saved to the stack area. When the
routine has completed, the stack pointer is referrred to restore the PC and PSW, and the next instruction is
executed.
The SP can address stack registers in bank 0 (addresses 000H-0FFH) regardless of the current value of the en-
able memory bank (EMB) flag and the select memory bank (SMB) flag.
Since the reset value of the stack pointer is not defined in firmware, we recommend that you initialize the stack
pointer by program code to location 00H. This sets the first register of the stack area to 0FFH.
NOTE
A subroutine call occupies six nibbles in the stack; an interrupt requires six. When subroutine nesting or
interrupt routines are used continuously, the stack area should be set in accordance with the maximum
number of subroutine levels. To do this, estimate the number of nibbles that will be used for the
subroutines or interrupts and set the stack area correspondingly.
Although you may use general-purpose register areas for stack operations, be careful to avoid data loss due to
simultaneous use of the same register(s).
+
+ PROGRAMMING TIP — Initializing the Stack Pointer
To initialize the stack pointer (SP):
1.
When EMB = "1":
SMB
15
; Select memory bank 15
LD
EA,#00H
; Bit 0 of accumulator A is always cleared to "0"
LD
SP,EA
; Stack area initial address (0FFH)
← (SP) – 1
2. When EMB = "0":
LD
EA,#00H
LD
SP,EA
; Memory addressing area (00H–7FH, F80H–FFFH)
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