
MC12430
368
FREESCALE SEMICONDUCTOR ADVANCED CLOCK DRIVERS DEVICE DATA
Power Supply Filtering
The MC12430 is a mixed analog/digital product and as such
it exhibits some sensitivities that would not necessarily be seen
on a fully digital product. Analog circuitry is naturally susceptible
to random noise, especially if this noise is seen on the power
supply pins. The MC12430 provides separate power supplies
for the digital ciruitry (VCC) and the internal PLL (PLL_VCC) of
the device. The purpose of this design technique is to try and
isolate the high switching noise digital outputs from the
relatively sensitive internal analog phase-locked loop. In a
controlled environment such as an evaluation board this level of
isolation is sufficient. However, in a digital system environment
where it is more difficult to minimize noise on the power supplies
a second level of isolation may be required. The simplest form
of isolation is a power supply filter on the PLL_VCC pin for the
MC12430.
Figure 6 illustrates a typical power supply filter scheme. The
MC12430 is most susceptible to noise with spectral content in
the 1KHz to 1MHz range. Therefore, the filter should be
designed to target this range. The key parameter that needs to
be met in the final filter design is the DC voltage drop that will
be seen between the VCC supply and the PLL_VCC pin of the
MC12430. From the data sheet, the IPLL_VCC current (the
current sourced through the PLL_VCC pin) is typically 15mA
(20mA maximum), assuming that a minimum of 3.0V must be
maintained on the PLL_VCC pin very little DC voltage drop can
be tolerated when a 3.3V VCC supply is used. The resistor
shown in Figure 6 must have a resistance of 10–15
to meet
the voltage drop criteria. The RC filter pictured will provide a
broadband filter with approximately 100:1 attenuation for noise
whose spectral content is above 20KHz. As the noise frequency
crosses the series resonant point of an individual capacitor its
overall impedance begins to look inductive and thus increases
with increasing frequency. The parallel capacitor combination
shown ensures that a low impedance path to ground exists for
frequencies well above the bandwidth of the PLL.
Figure 6. Power Supply Filter
A higher level of attenuation can be achieved by replacing
the resistor with an appropriate valued inductor. A 1000
H
choke will show a significant impedance at 10KHz frequencies
and above. Because of the current draw and the voltage that
must be maintained on the PLL_VCC pin a low DC resistance
inductor is required (less than 15
). Generally, the
resistor/capacitor filter will be cheaper, easier to implement and
provide an adequate level of supply filtering.
The MC12430 provides sub-nanosecond output edge rates
and thus a good power supply bypassing scheme is a must.
Figure 7 shows a representative board layout for the MC12430.
There exists many different potential board layouts and the one
pictured is but one. The important aspect of the layout in
Figure 7 is the low impedance connections between VCC and GND for the bypass capacitors. Combining good quality general
purpose chip capacitors with good PCB layout techniques will
produce effective capacitor resonances at frequencies
adequate to supply the instantaneous switching current for the
12430 outputs. It is imperative that low inductance chip
capacitors are used; it is equally important that the board layout
does not introduce back all of the inductance saved by using the
leadless capacitors. Thin interconnect traces between the
capacitor and the power plane should be avoided and multiple
large vias should be used to tie the capacitors to the buried
power planes. Fat interconnect and large vias will help to
minimize layout induced inductance and thus maximize the
series resonant point of the bypass capacitors.
Figure 7. PCB Board Layout for MC12430 (28 PLCC)
Note the dotted lines circling the crystal oscillator connection
to the device. The oscillator is a series resonant circuit and the
voltage amplitude across the crystal is relatively small. It is
imperative that no actively switching signals cross under the
crystal as crosstalk energy coupled to these lines could
significantly impact the jitter of the device. Special attention
should be paid to the layout of the crystal to ensure a stable,
jitter free interface between the crystal and the on-board
oscillator.
Although the MC12430 has several design features to
minimize the susceptibility to power supply noise (isolated
power and grounds and fully differential PLL), there still may be
applications in which overall performance is being degraded
PLL_VCC
VCC
MC12430
0.01
F
22
F
0.01
F
3.3V or
5.0V
RS=10–15
1
C2
C3
R1
Xtal
C1
R1 = 10–15
C1 = 0.01
F
C2 = 22
F
C3 = 0.01
F
= VCC
= GND
= Via