
Functional Description
General Operation
The bq2060 determines battery capacity by monitoring
the amount of charge input or removed from a recharge-
able battery. In addition to measuring charge and dis-
charge, the bq2060 measures battery voltage, tempera-
ture, and current, estimates battery self-discharge, and
monitors the battery for low-voltage thresholds.
bq2060 measures charge and discharge activity by moni-
toring the voltage across a small-value series sense re-
sistor between the battery’s negative terminal and the
negative terminal of the battery pack.
battery charge is determined by monitoring this voltage
and correcting the measurement for environmental and
operating conditions.
The
The available
Figure 1 shows a typical bq2060-based battery pack ap-
plication. The circuit consists of the LED display, volt-
age and temperature measurement networks, EEPROM
connections, a serial port, and the sense resistor. The
EEPROM stores basic battery pack configuration infor-
mation and measurement calibration values.
EEPROM must be programmed properly for bq2060 op-
eration. Table 10 shows the EEPROM memory map and
outlines the programmable functions available in the
bq2060.
The
The bq2060 accepts an NTC thermistor (Semitec 103AT)
for temperature measurement.
thermistor temperature to monitor battery pack temper-
ature, detect a battery full charge condition, and com-
pensate for self-discharge and charge/discharge battery
efficiencies.
The bq2060 uses the
Measurements
The bq2060 uses a fully differential, dynamically bal-
anced voltage-to-frequency converter (VFC) for charge
measurement and a sigma delta analog-to-digital con-
verter (ADC) for battery voltage, current, and tempera-
ture measurement.
Voltage, current, and temperature measurements are
made every 2–2.5 seconds, depending on the bq2060 op-
erating mode. Maximum times occur with compensated
EDV, mWh mode, and maximum allowable discharge
rate. Any AtRate computations requested or scheduled
(every 20 seconds) may add up to 0.5 seconds to the time
interval.
Charge and Discharge Counting
The VFC measures the charge and discharge flow of the
battery by monitoring a small-value sense resistor
between the SR
1
and SR
2
pins as shown in Figure 1.
The VFC measures bipolar signals up to 250mV. The
bq2060 detects charge activity when V
SR
= V
SR2
– V
SR1
is positive and discharge activity when V
SR
= V
SR2
–
V
SR1
is negative.
The bq2060 continuously integrates
the signal over time using an internal counter.
fundamental rate ofthe counter is 6.25
μ
Vh.
The
Offset Calibration
The bq2060 provides an auto-calibration feature to cancel
the voltage offset error across SR
1
and SR
2
for maximum
charge measurement accuracy. The calibration routine is
initiated by issuing a command to ManufacturerAccess().
The bq2060 is capable of automatic offset calibration down
to6.25
μ
VOffsetcancellationresolution is less than 1
μ
V.
Digital Filter
The bq2060 does not integrate charge or discharge
counts below the digital filter threshold. The digital fil-
ter threshold is programmed in the EEPROM and
should be set sufficiently high to prevent false signal de-
tection with no charge or discharge flowing through the
sense resistor because ofoffset.
Voltage
While monitoring SR
1
and SR
2
for charge and discharge
currents, the bq2060 monitors the battery-pack poten-
tial and the individual cell voltages through the
VCELL
1
–VCELL
4
pins. The bq2060 measures the pack
voltage and reports the result in Voltage(). The bq2060
can also measure the voltage of up to four series ele-
ments in a battery pack. The individual cell voltages
are stored in the optional Manufacturer Function area.
The VCELL
1
–VCELL
4
inputs are divided down from the
cells using precision resistors, as shown in Figure 1. The
maximum input for VCELL
1
–VCELL
4
is 1.25V with re-
spect to V
SS
. The voltage dividers for the inputs must be
set so that the voltages at the inputs do not exceed the
1.25V limit under all operating conditions. Also, the di-
vider ratios on VCELL
1
–VCELL
2
must be half of that of
VCELL
3
–VCELL
4
. To reduce current consumption from
the battery, the CVON output may used to connect the
divider to the cells only during measurement period.
CVON is high impedance for 250ms (12.5% duty cycle)
when the cells are measured, and driven low otherwise.
See Table 1.
Current
The SRC input of the bq2060 measures battery charge
and discharge current.
The SRC ADC input converts
the current signal from the series sense resistor and
stores the result in Current(). The full-scale input range
to SBCis limited to
±
250mVas shown in Table 2.
3
bq2060