參數資料
型號: ATMEGA324A-MCHR
廠商: Atmel
文件頁數: 13/160頁
文件大?。?/td> 0K
描述: IC MCU AVR 32K 20MHZ 44QFN
產品培訓模塊: MCU Product Line Introduction
megaAVR Introduction
標準包裝: 6,000
系列: AVR® ATmega
核心處理器: AVR
芯體尺寸: 8-位
速度: 20MHz
連通性: I²C,SPI,UART/USART
外圍設備: 欠壓檢測/復位,POR,PWM,WDT
輸入/輸出數: 32
程序存儲器容量: 32KB(16K x 16)
程序存儲器類型: 閃存
EEPROM 大?。?/td> 1K x 8
RAM 容量: 2K x 8
電壓 - 電源 (Vcc/Vdd): 1.8 V ~ 5.5 V
數據轉換器: A/D 8x10b
振蕩器型: 內部
工作溫度: -40°C ~ 85°C
封裝/外殼: 44-VQFN 裸露焊盤
包裝: 帶卷 (TR)
其它名稱: ATMEGA324A-MCHR SL383
ATMEGA324A-MCHR-ND
ATMEGA324A-MCHRTR
11
8272E–AVR–04/2013
ATmega164A/PA/324A/PA/644A/PA/1284/P
ical ALU operation, two operands are output from the Register File, the operation is executed,
and the result is stored back in the Register File – in one clock cycle.
Six of the 32 registers can be used as three 16-bit indirect address register pointers for Data
Space addressing – enabling efficient address calculations. One of the these address pointers
can also be used as an address pointer for look up tables in Flash program memory. These
added function registers are the 16-bit X-, Y-, and Z-register, described later in this section.
The ALU supports arithmetic and logic operations between registers or between a constant and
a register. Single register operations can also be executed in the ALU. After an arithmetic opera-
tion, the Status Register is updated to reflect information about the result of the operation.
Program flow is provided by conditional and unconditional jump and call instructions, able to
directly address the whole address space. Most AVR instructions have a single 16-bit word for-
mat. Every program memory address contains a 16- or 32-bit instruction.
Program Flash memory space is divided in two sections, the Boot Program section and the
Application Program section. Both sections have dedicated Lock bits for write and read/write
protection. The SPM instruction that writes into the Application Flash memory section must
reside in the Boot Program section.
During interrupts and subroutine calls, the return address Program Counter (PC) is stored on the
Stack. The Stack is effectively allocated in the general data SRAM, and consequently the Stack
size is only limited by the total SRAM size and the usage of the SRAM. All user programs must
initialize the SP in the Reset routine (before subroutines or interrupts are executed). The Stack
Pointer (SP) is read/write accessible in the I/O space. The data SRAM can easily be accessed
through the five different addressing modes supported in the AVR architecture.
The memory spaces in the AVR architecture are all linear and regular memory maps.
A flexible interrupt module has its control registers in the I/O space with an additional Global
Interrupt Enable bit in the Status Register. All interrupts have a separate Interrupt Vector in the
Interrupt Vector table. The interrupts have priority in accordance with their Interrupt Vector posi-
tion. The lower the Interrupt Vector address, the higher the priority.
The I/O memory space contains 64 addresses for CPU peripheral functions as Control Regis-
ters, SPI, and other I/O functions. The I/O Memory can be accessed directly, or as the Data
Space locations following those of the Register File, 0x20 - 0x5F. In addition, the
ATmega164A/164PA/324A/324PA/644A/644PA/1284/1284P has Extended I/O space from
0x60 - 0xFF in SRAM where only the ST/STS/STD and LD/LDS/LDD instructions can be used.
7.2
ALU – Arithmetic Logic Unit
The high-performance AVR ALU operates in direct connection with all the 32 general purpose
working registers. Within a single clock cycle, arithmetic operations between general purpose
registers or between a register and an immediate are executed. The ALU operations are divided
into three main categories – arithmetic, logical, and bit-functions. Some implementations of the
architecture also provide a powerful multiplier supporting both signed/unsigned multiplication
and fractional format. See the “Instruction Set” section for a detailed description.
7.3
Status Register
The Status Register contains information about the result of the most recently executed arithme-
tic instruction. This information can be used for altering program flow in order to perform
conditional operations. Note that the Status Register is updated after all ALU operations, as
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