xr
REV. P1.0.5
PRELIMINARY
2.488/2.666 GBPS STS-48/STM-16 SONET/SDH TRANSCEIVER
XRT91L82
26
3.6
The high-speed serial clock synthesized by the CMU is divided by 16 and is then presented to the upstream
device as TXPCLKOP/N clock. The upstream device should use TXPCLKOP/N as its timing source. The
upstream device then generates the TXPCLKIP/N clock that is phase aligned with the transmit data and
provides it to the parallel interface of the transmitter. The data must meet setup and hold times with respect to
TXPCLKIP/N. The XRT91L82 will latch TXDI[15:0]P/N on the rising edge of TXPCLKIP/N. The clock
synthesizer uses a PLL to lock to the differential input reference clock REF1CLKP/N and REF2CLKP/N.
REF1CLKP/N and/or REF2CLKP/N input can accept a clock from a Differential LVPECL crystal oscillator that
has a frequency accuracy better than 20ppm in order for the TXSCLKOP/N frequency to have the accuracy
required for SONET systems. It will then use this reference clock to generate the 2.488/2.666 GHz STS-48/
STM-16 serial clock output TXSCLKOP/N and in addition feed this high-speed synthesized clock to the PISO.
The Retimer will then align the transmit serial data from the PISO with this 2.488/2.666 GHz synthesized clock
to generate the output TXOP/N. Table 10 specifies the Clock Multiplier Unit performance characteristics.
In Host Mode, the clock synthesizer can also be driven by an optional external VCXO for loop timed or local
reference de-jitter applications. VCXO_IN can be connected to the output of a VCXO that can be configured to
clean up the recovered received clock coming from CP_OUT in loop timing mode before being applied to the
input of the transmit CMU as a reference clock. In addition, the internal phase/frequency detector and charge
pump, combined with an external VCXO can alternately be used as a jitter attenuator to de-jitter a noisy
system reference clock such as REF1CLKP/N or REF2CLKP/N prior to it being used to time the CMU. The
following Section 3.7, “Loop Timing and Clock Control,” on page 26 illustrate the use of this method.
T
ABLE
10: C
LOCK
M
ULTIPLIER
U
NIT
P
ERFORMANCE
Clock Multiplier Unit (CMU) and Re-Timer
Jitter specification is defined using a 12kHz to 20MHz appropriate SONET/SDH filter.
1
Required to meet SONET output frequency stability requirements.
Loop Timing and Clock Control
Two types of loop timing are possible in the XRT91L82.
In the Hardware mode, the loop timing (without an external VCXO) is controlled by the LOOPTM_NOJA pin.
This mode is selected by asserting the LOOPTM_NOJA signal to a "High" level. When the loop timing mode is
activated, the external local reference clock to the input of the CMU is replaced with the 1/16th of the high-
speed recovered receive clock coming from the CDR. Under this condition both the transmit and receive
sections are synchronized to the recovered receive clock. The normal looptime mode directly locks the CMU to
the recovered receive clock with no external de-jittering.
In Host Mode, loop timing performance can be further improved using an external VCXO-based PLL to clean
up the jitter of the recovered receive clock. In this case the VCXO_SEL register bit should be set "High." By
doing so, the CMU receives its reference clock signal from an external VCXO connected to the VCXO_IN
input. The LOOPTM_JA register bit must also be set "High" in order to select the recovered receive clock as
the reference source for the de-jitter PLL. In this state, the VCXO will be phase locked to the recovered receive
clock through a narrowband loop filter. The use of the on-chip phase/frequency detector with charge pump and
an external VCXO to remove the transmit jitter due to jitter in the recovered clock is shown in Figure 14.
3.7
N
AME
P
ARAMETER
M
IN
T
YP
M
AX
U
NITS
REF
DUTY
Reference clock duty cycle
45
55
%
REF
TOL
Reference clock frequency tolerance
1
-20
+20
ppm
REF
STS48
Reference clock jitter limits from 12 KHz to 20 MHz
-61
dB
C
OCLK
JIT
Clock output jitter generation with 155.52 MHz reference clock
3.2
5.0
mUI
rms
OCLK
JIT
Clock output jitter generation with 166.63 MHz reference clock
3.2
5.0
mUI
rms
OCLK
FREQ
Frequency output
2.488
2.667
GHz
OCLK
DUTY
Clock output duty cycle
45
55
%