參數(shù)資料
型號(hào)： PIC16F877A
廠商： Microchip Technology Inc.
英文描述： 40-Pin 8-Bit Enhanced FLASH Microcontroller(40引腳、8位增強(qiáng)型FLASH微控制器)
中文描述： 40引腳8位閃存微控制器增強(qiáng)（40引腳，8位增強(qiáng)型閃存微控制器）
文件頁(yè)數(shù)： 137/222頁(yè)
文件大?。?/td> 4012K
代理商： PIC16F877A
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2001 Microchip Technology Inc.
Advance Information
DS39582A-page 135
PIC16F87XA
12.2
Comparator Operation
A single comparator is shown in Figure 12-2 along with
the relationship between the analog input levels and
the digital output. When the analog input at V
IN
+ is less
than the analog input V
IN
–, the output of the
comparator is a digital low level. When the analog input
at V
IN
+ is greater than the analog input V
IN
–, the output
of the comparator is a digital high level. The shaded
areas of the output of the comparator in Figure 12-2
represent the uncertainty due to input offsets and
response time.
12.3
Comparator Reference
An external or internal reference signal may be used
depending on the comparator operating mode. The
analog signal present at V
IN
– is compared to the signal
at V
IN
+, and the digital output of the comparator is
adjusted accordingly (Figure 12-2).
FIGURE 12-2:
SINGLE COMPARATOR
12.3.1
EXTERNAL REFERENCE SIGNAL
When external voltage references are used, the
comparator module can be configured to have the com-
parators operate from the same, or different reference
sources. However, threshold detector applications may
require the same reference. The reference signal must
be between V
SS
and V
DD
, and can be applied to either
pin of the comparator(s).
12.3.2
INTERNAL REFERENCE SIGNAL
The comparator module also allows the selection of an
internally generated voltage reference for the
comparators. Section 13.0 contains a detailed descrip-
tion of the Comparator Voltage Reference Module that
provides this signal. The internal reference signal is
used when comparators are in mode CM<2:0> =
110
(Figure 12-1). In this mode, the internal voltage refer-
ence is applied to the V
IN
+ pin of both comparators.
12.4
Comparator Response Time
Response time is the minimum time, after selecting a
new reference voltage or input source, before the
comparator output has a valid level. If the internal ref-
erence is changed, the maximum delay of the internal
voltage reference must be considered when using the
comparator outputs. Otherwise, the maximum delay of
the comparators should be used (Section 17.0).
12.5
Comparator Outputs
The comparator outputs are read through the CMCON
Register. These bits are read only. The comparator
outputs may also be directly output to the RA4 and RA5
I/O pins. When enabled, multiplexors in the output path
of the RA4 and RA5 pins will switch and the output of
each pin will be the unsynchronized output of the com-
parator. The uncertainty of each of the comparators is
related to the input offset voltage and the response time
given in the specifications. Figure 12-3 shows the com-
parator output block diagram.
The TRISA bits will still function as an output
enable/disable for the RA4 and RA5 pins while in this
mode.
The polarity of the comparator outputs can be changed
using the C2INV and C1INV bits (CMCON<4:5>).
–
+
V
IN
+
V
IN
–
Output
IN–
V
IN
IN+
V
IN
Output
Note 1:
When reading the PORT register, all pins
configured as analog inputs will read as a
‘0’. Pins configured as digital inputs will
convert an analog input, according to the
Schmitt Trigger input specification.
2:
Analog levels on any pin defined as a dig-
ital input, may cause the input buffer to
consume more current than is specified.
3:
RA4 is an open collector I/O pin. When
used as an output, a pull-up resistor is
required.
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