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| 型號： | NSAM266SAA |
| 廠商： | National Semiconductor Corporation |
| 元件分類： | FLASH |
| 英文描述： | 4 Mbit Uniform Sector, Serial Flash Memory |
| 中文描述： | 4兆位統(tǒng)一部門，串行閃存 |
| 文件頁數(shù)： | 27/52頁 |
| 文件大?。?/td> | 571K |
| 代理商： | NSAM266SAA |
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2.0 Software
(Continued)
2.9 SPEECH SYNTHESIS
Speech synthesis is the technology that is used to create
messages out of predefined words and phrases stored in a
vocabulary.
There are two kinds of predefined messages: fixed mes-
sages (e.g., voice menus in a voice-mail system) and pro-
grammable messages (e.g., time and day stamp, or theYou
have n messages announcement in a DAM).
A vocabulary includes a set of predefined words and phras-
es, needed to synthesize messages in any language. Appli-
cations which support more than one language require a
separate vocabulary for each language.
2.9.1 International Vocabulary Support (IVS)
IVS is a mechanism by which the CompactSPEECH proces-
sor can use several vocabularies stored on an external stor-
age device. IVS enables CompactSPEECH to synthesize
messages with the same meaning, but in different lan-
guages, from separate vocabularies.
Among IVS features:
#
Multiple vocabularies are stored on a single storage de-
vice.
#
Plug-and-play. The same microcontroller code is used for
all languages.
#
Synthesized and recorded messages use the same voice
compression algorithm to achieve equal quality.
#
Argumented sentences. (For example You have
k
n
l
messages.)
#
Auto-synthesized time-and-day stamp (driven by the
CompactSPEECH’s clock).
#
Support for various language and sentence structures:
D One versus many (for example: You have one
message
vs. You have two
messages
).
D None versus many (for example:You have
no
mes-
sages vs. You have
two
messages).
D Number synthesis (English–Eighty vs. French–
Quatre-vingt).
D Word order (English–Twenty one vs. German–Ein-
undzwanzig).
D Days of the week (Monday through Sunday vs.
Sunday through Saturday).
2.9.2 Vocabulary Design
There are several issues, sometimes conflicting, which must
be addressed when designing a vocabulary.
Vocabulary
If memory space is not an issue, the vocabu-
content
lary could contain all the required sentences,
each recorded separately.
If memory space is a concern, the vocabulary
must be compact; it should contain the mini-
mum set of words and phrases required to
synthesize all the sentences. The least mem-
ory is used when phrases and words that are
common to more than one sentence are re-
corded only once, and the IVS tool is used to
synthesize sentences out of them.
A good combination of sentence quality and
memory space is achieved if you take the
‘‘compact’’ approach, and extend it to solve
pronunciation problems. For example, the
word twenty is pronounced differently when
used in the sentences You have twenty mes-
sages and You have twenty two messages.
To solve this problem, words that are pro-
nounced differently should be recorded more
than once, each in the correct pronunciation.
Vocabulary
When recording vocabulary words, there is a
recording
compromise between space and quality. On
one hand, the words should be recorded and
saved in a compressed form, and you would
like to use the best voice compression for that
purpose. On the other hand, the higher the
compression rate, the worse the voice quality.
Another issue to consider is the difference in
voice quality between synthesized and re-
corded messages (e.g., between time-and-
day stamp and incoming messages (ICMs) in
a DAM environment). It is more pleasant to
the human ear to hear them both in the same
quality.
Vocabulary
Sometimes compactness and high quality are
access
not enough. There should be a simple and
flexible interface to access the vocabulary el-
ements. Not only the vocabulary, but also the
code to access it should be compact.
When designing for a multi-lingual environ-
ment, there are more issues to consider.
Each vocabulary should be able to handle
language-specific structures and designed in
a cooperative way with the other vocabularies
so that the code to access each vocabulary is
the same. When you use the command to
synthesize the sentence Monday, 12:30 PM,
you should not care in what language it is go-
ing to be played back.
2.9.3 IVS Vocabulary Components
This section describes the basic concept of an IVS vocabu-
lary, its components, and the relationships between them.
The basic
concepts
An IVS vocabulary consists of words, sen-
tences, and special codes that control the
behavior of the algorithm which Compact-
SPEECH uses to synthesize sentences.
The word
table
The words are the basic units in the vocab-
ulary. You create synthesized sentences
by combining words in the vocabulary.
Each word in the vocabulary is given an
index which identifies it in the word table.
Note that, depending on the language
structures and sentences that you wish to
synthesize, you may need to record some
words more than once in the vocabulary.
For example, if you synthesize the sen-
tences: you have twenty messages and
you have twenty five messages, the word
twenty
is pronounced differently. They
should, therefore, be defined as two differ-
ent words.
The number
tables
The number tables allow you to treat num-
bers differently depending on the context.
Example 1: The number 1 can be an-
nounced as one as in mes-
sage number one or asfirst as
in first message.
http://www.national.com
27
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相關(guān)代理商/技術(shù)參數(shù) |
參數(shù)描述 |
|---|---|
| NSAM266SAA/V | 制造商:NSC 制造商全稱:National Semiconductor 功能描述:NSAM266SA CompactSPEECHTM Digital Speech Processor with Serial Flash Interface |
| NSAM266SAA/VLJ | 制造商:未知廠家 制造商全稱:未知廠家 功能描述:Solid-State Recorder |
| NSAM266SC | 制造商:未知廠家 制造商全稱:未知廠家 功能描述: |
| NSAM266SCA/V | 制造商:未知廠家 制造商全稱:未知廠家 功能描述:Solid-State Recorder |
| NSAM266SCA/VLJ | 制造商:未知廠家 制造商全稱:未知廠家 功能描述:Solid-State Recorder |
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