L6563
12/25
4
APPLICATION INFORMATION
4.1 Overvoltage protection
Normally, the voltage control loop keeps the output voltage Vo of the PFC pre-regulator close to its nominal
value, set by the ratio of the resistors R1 and R2 of the output divider. Neglecting the ripple components,
under steady state conditions the current through R1 equals that through R2. Considering that the non-in-
verting input of the error amplifier is internally biased at 2.5V, the voltage at pin INV will be 2.5V as well, then:
R2
.
If the output voltage experiences an abrupt change
Vo the voltage at pin INV is kept at 2.5V by the local
feedback of the error amplifier, a network connected between pins INV and COMP that introduces a long
time constant. Then the current through R2 remains equal to 2.5/R2 but that through R1 becomes:
V
–
------------------------+
=
.
The difference current
I
R1
= I’
R1
- I’
R1
=
V
O
/R1 will flow through the compensation network and enter the
error amplifier (pin COMP). This current is monitored inside the IC and when it reaches about 18 μA the out-
put voltage of the multiplier is forced to decrease, thus reducing the energy drawn from the mains. If the cur-
rent exceeds 20 μA, the OVP is triggered (Dynamic OVP), and the external power transistor is switched off
until the current falls approximately below 5 μA. However, if the overvoltage persists (e.g. in case the load
is completely disconnected), the error amplifier will eventually saturate low hence triggering an internal com-
parator (Static OVP) that will keep the external power switch turned off until the output voltage comes back
close to the regulated value. The output overvoltage that is able to trigger the OVP function is then:
V
O
= R1 · 20 · 10
-6
An important advantage of this technique is that the overvoltage level can be set independently of the reg-
ulated output voltage: the latter depends on the ratio of R1 to R2, the former on the individual value of R1.
Another advantage is the precision: the tolerance of the detection current is 15%, which means 15% tol-
erance on the
Vo. Since it is usually much smaller than Vo, the tolerance on the absolute value will be
proportionally reduced.
Example: Vo=400V,
Vo=40V. Then: R1=40V/20μA=2M
; R2=2.5·2M
·/(400-2.5)=12.58k
. The toler-
ance on the OVP level due to the L6563 will be 40·0.15=6 V, that is ±1.36%.
When either OVP is activated the quiescent consumption is reduced to minimize the discharge of the Vcc
capacitor.
Figure 35. Output voltage setting, OVP and FFP functions: internal block diagram
I
R2
I
R1
-------
V
---------------------
2.5
–
R1
=
=
=
I
'
R1
2.5
R1
O
-
+
2.5V
L6563
1
2
INV
COMP
E/A
-
+
Frequency
Compensation
+
-
R2
7
PFC_OK
I
TBO
-
+
2.25V
Static OVP
-
+
Dynamic OVP
20 μA
Vout
{
R1a
R1b
R1
9.5V
FAULT (latched)
TBO
FUNCTION
R4
{
R3a
R3b
R3
+
-
FAULT (not latched)
0.26V
9.5V