
AN-31
2
B
4/03
Table 1. Typical Specifications for a Single Output DC-DC Converter.
Figure 1 shows a typical implementation of
DPA-Switch
in a
power supply with a single regulated output. This design guide
discusses considerations for selection of components for a
practical implementation of the circuit in Figure 1. It also
addresses options and tradeoffs in cost, efficiency and complexity
that include the substitution of synchronous rectifiers and
alternative generation of the bias voltage.
System Requirements
The design begins with an evaluation of the requirements. Table
1 gives the specifications for the example converters described
here, that have been constructed and evaluated as engineering
prototypes. Variants of the basic design achieve higher
efficiencies with minor increases in complexity.
Input Voltage Range
The actual input voltage range required for operation of the
converter is greater than that indicated by the specification. The
specification requires the converter to operate and to deliver full
performance at a minimum input of 36 V. Therefore, the
designer must guarantee that the converter becomes active and
fully functional at a voltage that is lower than the minimum.
Tolerance variations of the Line Undervoltage Threshold of
DPA-Switch
with prudent design margin put the practical
minimum operating voltage closer to 30 V. Similarly, the
converter must be designed to operate at voltages higher than
the maximum specified input. The actual input voltage range
should be considered to be from about 30 V to 90 V for the
typical nominal input voltage of 48 VDC.
Output Characteristics
The output voltage can be maintained to
±
4% over the range of
line, load and operational temperature range with an ordinary
feedback circuit that uses a TL431 regulator. Transient response
is controlled with proper frequency compensation. The design
of the feedback network with guidance for selection of
Description
Symbol
Min
Typ
Max
Units
Comment
Input
Input Voltage
Input Voltage UV Turn On
Input Voltage UV Turn Off
Input Voltage OV Turn On
Input Voltage OV Turn Off
V
IN
36
48
75
36
VDC
VDC
VDC
VDC
VDC
Typical operational range
29
72
90
Output
Output Voltage
Output Ripple and Noise
Output Current
V
OUT
V
RIPPLE
I
OUT
4.8
5.00
50
5.2
V
±
4%
mV
A
20 MHz Bandwidth
0
6.00
Line Regulation
Load Regulation
Transient Response Peak Deviation
±
0.2
±
0.5
3
%
%
% of 50-75% load step, 100 mA/
μ
s
V
OUT
48 VDC input
Transient Response Recovery
200
μ
s
To 1% of final output
voltage, 50-75% load step
48 VDC input
Total Output Power
Continuous Output Power
P
OUT
30
W
Efficiency
Low-Cost design
Enhanced (non-sync rect)
Synchronous rectified design
η
Cost
84
87
91
%
%
%
Measured at P
(30 W),
25
°
C, 48 VDC Input
η
η
Enhanced
SyncRect
Environmental
Input-Output Isolation Voltage
Ambient Temperature
1500
-40
VDC
°
C
T
AMB
85
Free convection, sea level