參數(shù)資料
型號(hào)： W77LE58P-25
廠商： WINBOND ELECTRONICS CORP
元件分類： 微控制器/微處理器
英文描述： 8 BIT MICROCONTROLLER
中文描述： 8-BIT, FLASH, 25 MHz, MICROCONTROLLER, PQCC44
封裝： PLASTIC, LCC-44
文件頁(yè)數(shù)： 36/81頁(yè)
文件大?。?/td> 657K
代理商： W77LE58P-25
Preliminary W77LE58
- 36 -
InstructiionTiming
The instruction timing for the W77LE58 is an important aspect, especially for those users who wish to
use software instructions to generate timing delays. Also, it provides the user with an insight into the
timing differences between the W77LE58 and the standard 8032. In the W77LE58 each machine
cycle is four clock periods long. Each clock period is designated a state. Thus each machine cycle is
made up of four states, C1, C2 C3 and C4, in that order. Due to the reduced time for each instruction
execution, both the clock edges are used for internal timing. Hence it is important that the duty cycle
of the clock be as close to 50% as possible to avoid timing conflicts. As mentioned earlier, the
W77LE58 does one op-code fetch per machine cycle. Therefore, in most of the instructions, the
number of machine cycles needed to execute the instruction is equal to the number of bytes in the
instruction. Of the 256 available op-codes, 128 of them are single cycle instructions. Thus more than
half of all op-codes in the W77LE58 are executed in just four clock periods. Most of the two-cycle
instructions are those that have two byte instruction codes. However there are some instructions that
have only one byte instructions, yet they are two cycle instructions. One instruction which is of
importance is the MOVX instruction. In the standard 8032, the MOVX instruction is always two
machine cycles long. However in the W77LE58, the user has a facility to stretch the duration of this
instruction from 2 machine cycles to 9 machine cycles. The
RD
and
WR
strobe lines are also
proportionately elongated. This gives the user flexibility in accessing both fast and slow peripherals
without the use of external circuitry and with minimum software overhead. The rest of the instructions
are either three, four or five machine cycle instructions. Note that in the W77LE58, based on the
number of machine cycles, there are five different types, while in the standard 8032 there are only
three. However, in the W77LE58 each machine cycle is made of only 4 clock periods compared to
the 12 clock periods for the standard 8032. Therefore, even though the number of categories has
increased, each instruction is at least 1.5 to 3 times faster than the standard 8032 in terms of clock
periods.
Single Cycle
C4
C3
C2
C1
CLK
ALE
PSEN
AD7-0
PORT 2
A7-0
Address A15-8
Data_ in D7-0
Figure 3. Single Cycle Instruction Timing
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