
TL16PC564B, TL16PC564BLV
PCMCIA UNIVERSAL ASYNCHRONOUS RECEIVER TRANSMITTER
SLLS225A – MARCH 1996 – REVISED FEBRUARY 1998
9
POST OFFICE BOX 655303
DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
attribute-memory arbitration
Arbitration for the attribute memory is necessary whenever there is simultaneous access to the same DPRAM
or CCR address for the conditions of:
Host CPU read and subsystem write
Host CPU write and subsystem read
Host CPU write and subsystem write
If arbitration were not provided, attribute-memory data would be corrupted and invalid data read due to
uncontrolled access to the same DPRAM or CCR address.
The arbitration control circuitry synchronizes the asynchronous accesses of the host CPU and subsystem to
the DPRAM and CCR and controls the access based on the pending host CPU and subsystem
attribute-memory operation. The synchronizing and control circuitry needs a clock called the arbitration clock.
The external clock (ARBCLKI) goes through a programmable divider and can be divided by one, two, four, or
eight to generate a clock frequency within an allowed range for the arbitration logic to work correctly. The output
of this frequency divider is named ARBCLKO. The programmable divider bits are defined as follows:
ARBPGM1
ARBPGM0
INTERNAL
ARITRATION CLOCK
ARBCLKI/1
ARBCLKI/2
ARBCLKI/4
ARBCLKI/8
L
L
H
H
L
H
L
H
The upper period limit of ARBCLKO is N/6, where N (ns) is the shortest of the two attribute-memory accesses,
host CPU or subsystem. The lower period limit of ARBCLKO is based on the DPRAM specifications at the supply
voltage used:
5 V = 14-ns clock cycle (71 MHz)
3 V = 26-ns clock cycle (38.5 MHz)
For any arbitration condition, attribute-memory access is controlled to ensure valid data is read for a port that
is doing a read operation and valid data is written for a port that is doing a write operation. When both the host
CPU and subsystem are performing simultaneous write operations to the same address, the host CPU is
allowed to write and the subsystem write is ignored.
host CPU/subsystem handshake
Two signals are provided for handshaking between the host CPU and the subsystem. The active-high IRQ
signifies to the subsystem that the host CPU has written data into attribute memory. The subsystem can clear
IRQ by writing a 1 to bit 6 of the subsystem control register. The active-low STSCHG signifies to the host CPU
that the subsystem has written data to attribute memory provided bit 2 of the subsystem control register
(STSCHG enable) is high. The host CPU can clear STSCHG by reading any location in attribute memory. The
control of these signals is synchronized to ARBCLKO to ensure there are no false assertions/deassertions.
There is additional arbitration performed for instances of simultaneous assertion/deasseration of IRQ or
STSCHG. When a subsystem write and host CPU read occurs simultaneously, STSCHG may be briefly
deasserted prior to being asserted, but the write ultimately wins arbitration. When the host CPU read occurs
more than one-half an arbitration clock after the subsystem write, STSCHG is deasserted. IRQ is arbitrated in
a similar fashion.