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TX IF/BBA WITH AGC
S1M8657
13
Functional Description
S1M8657, a functional block used in Tx signal processing, is located between the RF pre-block and modem. This
product converts the digital I and Q baseband signals sent by the modem to their corresponding analog signals
and moves their frequencies to the IF mid-frequency, where their output levels are controlled. Then, the
differential IF signal is output. Because it has the built-in SPI bus I/F and parallel mode control, it is compatible to
the existing BBA2.0. The programmable Tx PLL is used to generate the precise IF mid-frequency. Here, the
VCO, which oscillates at twice the IF frequency, and QPSK modulator moves the IF frequency from the
baseband. The AGC, connected to the TX IF SAW filter, amplifies or reduces the IF signal level, required by the
CDMA system, at a certain point. Its gain is controlled by the DC voltage in the TAGC_CONT and its output level
range is approx. 90dB. The GP-ADC possessing a switch that can select from three independent inputs is as
system monitor A-D converter, which senses the battery type, remaining battery amount, and temperature.
Various inputs and conditions for this converter can be set via the SPI bus. Moreover, it can use the same BBA
2.0 conditions and parallel control inputs. S1M8657 uses a 0.5um BiCMOS, equipped with high-frequency
bipolar and low power standardized CMOS logic, to operate safely in the low power range, consisting of power
voltage between 2.7V – 3.6V and operating temperature between -30
°C – +85°C.
CDMA Transmit Signal Path
S1M8657 is a transmit circuit, installed with PLL, GP-ADC and mode change switch and serial I/F. The transmit
circuit has the Tx AGC, an automatic gain controller, and baseband LPF and D-A converter as well as a VCO
and mixer etc. The CDMA IF output signal is a differential signal modulated to 1.23 MHz spread-spectrum for
CDMA with a normal mid-frequency at 130.38MHz. The mid-frequencies are set based on the time constants of
the components involved with the external VCO and Tx PLL. Tx AGC , connected to both the IF SAW filter and
matching component in the IF-RF converter output located in the RF block, amplifies or reduces the signal
according to the signal size. It takes its orders from the modem chip when it sets the appropriate power level as
required by the CDMA system. Gain is controlled by applying a DC voltage to the TAGC_CONT pin. The applied
DC is produced when the PDM signal, generated as a control signal in the modem, passes through the R-C filter.
The control band of this AGC is approx. 90dB. The QPSK modulator mixes and adds the I-Q baseband signals,
output from the DAC-LPF, with the I-LO and Q-LO signals, respectively, to generate the QPSK signal, which is
sent to the AGC which in turn sends the differential IF to the RF signal processing block. The LO(local oscillator)
signal is generated by the internal oscillating components, externally connected tank coil, and Varactor, and the
externally independent PLL device is used to generate its exact oscillation mid-frequency.
FM Transmit Signal Path
Because the FM modulation in the S1M8657 FM circuit differs entirely from the QPSK, the FM transmit signal
path is very different. The transmit circuit includes an automatic gain controller, Tx AGC, baseband LPF, D-A
converter as well as the VCO and Mixer, which are all the essential blocks as included in the CDMA. The FM
signal is a
± 12kHz modulated signal, with normal mid-frequency of 130.38MHz. These mid-frequencies are
determined by the time constants of the components involved with the external VCO and Tx PLL. Tx AGC ,
connected to both the IF SAW filter and matching component in the IF-RF converter output located in the RF
block, amplifies or reduces the signal according to the signal size. It takes its orders from the modem chip when it
sets the appropriate power level as required by the CDMA system. Gain is controlled by applying a DC voltage
to the TAGC_CONT pin. The applied DC is produced when the PDM signal, generated as a control signal in the
modem, passes through the R-C filter. The control band of this AGC is approx. 90dB. Only the analog Q
baseband signal output by the Q- path DAC-LPF is used in FM modulation and directly connected to the external
Varactor Baseband to change the LO frequency to generate the FM modulation signal. This signal is sent to the
AGC, which sends the differential IF to the RF signal processing block.