107
ATmega16M1/32M1/64M1 [DATASHEET]
8209E–AVR–11/2012
15.7.1
Force output compare
In non-PWM Waveform Generating modes, the match output of the comparator can be forced by writing a one to
the Force Output Compare (FOCnx) bit. Forcing compare match will not set the OCFnx Flag or reload/clear the
timer, but the OCnx pin will be updated as if a real compare match had occurred (the COMn1:0 bits settings define
whether the OCnx pin is set, cleared or toggled).
15.7.2
Compare match blocking by TCNTn write
All CPU writes to the TCNTn Register will block any compare match that occurs in the next timer clock cycle, even
when the timer is stopped. This feature allows OCRnx to be initialized to the same value as TCNTn without trigger-
ing an interrupt when the Timer/Counter clock is enabled.
15.7.3
Using the Output Compare unit
Since writing TCNTn in any mode of operation will block all compare matches for one timer clock cycle, there are
risks involved when changing TCNTn when using any of the Output Compare channels, independent of whether
the Timer/Counter is running or not. If the value written to TCNTn equals the OCRnx value, the compare match will
be missed, resulting in incorrect waveform generating. Do not write the TCNTn equal to TOP in PWM modes with
variable TOP values. The compare match for the TOP will be ignored and the counter will continue to 0xFFFF.
Similarly, do not write the TCNTn value equal to BOTTOM when the counter is downcounting.
The setup of the OCnx should be performed before setting the Data Direction Register for the port pin to output.
The easiest way of setting the OCnx value is to use the Force Output Compare (FOCnx) strobe bits in Normal
mode. The OCnx Register keeps its value even when changing between Waveform Generating modes.
Be aware that the COMnx1:0 bits are not double buffered together with the compare value. Changing the
COMnx1:0 bits will take effect immediately.
15.8
Compare Match Output unit
The Compare Output mode (COMnx1:0) bits have two functions. The Waveform Generator uses the COMnx1:0
bits for defining the Output Compare (OCnx) state at the next compare match. Secondly the COMnx1:0 bits control
the OCnx pin output source.
Figure 15-5 shows a simplified schematic of the logic affected by the COMnx1:0 bit
setting. The I/O Registers, I/O bits, and I/O pins in the figure are shown in bold. Only the parts of the general I/O
Port Control Registers (DDR and PORT) that are affected by the COMnx1:0 bits are shown. When referring to the
OCnx state, the reference is for the internal OCnx Register, not the OCnx pin. If a system reset occur, the OCnx
Register is reset to “0”.