
M1025/26 Datasheet Rev 1.0
 7
of 14
Revised 28Jul2004
Integrated Circuit Systems, Inc.
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 tel (508) 852-5400
M1025/26
VCSO B
ASED
 C
LOCK
 PLL 
WITH
 A
UTO
S
WITCH
P r o d u c t  D a t a  S h e e t
Integrated 
Circuit 
Systems, Inc.
AutoSwitch (
AUTO
) Reference Clock Reselection 
This device offers an automatic reference clock 
reselection feature for switching input reference clocks 
upon a reference clock failure. With the 
AUTO
 input pin 
set to high and the 
LOL
 output low, the device is placed 
into automatic reselection (AutoSwitch) mode. Once in 
AutoSwitch mode, when 
LOL
 then goes high (due to a 
reference clock fault), the input clock reference is 
automatically reselected internally, as indicated by the 
state change of the 
REF_ACK
 output. Automatic clock 
reselection is made only once (it is non-revertive). 
Re-arming of automatic mode requires placing the 
device into manual selection (Manual Select) mode 
(
AUTO
 pin low) before returning to AutoSwitch mode 
(
AUTO
 pin high).
Using the AutoSwitch Feature
See alsoTable 6, Example AutoSwitch Sequence.
In application, the system is powered up with the device 
in Manual Select mode (
AUTO
 pin is set low), allowing 
sufficient time for the reference clock and device PLL to 
settle. The 
REF_SEL
 input selects the reference clock to 
be used in Manual Select mode and the initial reference 
clock used in AutoSwitch mode. The 
REF_SEL
 input state 
must be maintained when switching to AutoSwitch 
mode (
AUTO
 pin high) and must still be maintained until a 
reference fault occurs. 
Once a reference fault occurs, the 
LOL
 output goes high 
and the input reference is automatically reselected. The 
REF_ACK
 output always indicates the reference selection 
status and the 
LOL
 output always indicates the PLL lock 
status.
A successful automatic reselection is indicated by a 
change of state of the 
REF_ACK
 output and a momentary 
level high of the 
LOL
 output (minimum high time is 10 
ns). 
If an automatic reselection is made to a non-valid 
reference clock (one to which the PLL cannot lock), 
the 
REF_ACK
 output will change state but the 
LOL
output will remain high. 
No further automatic reselection is made; only one 
reselection is made each time the AutoSwitch mode is 
armed. AutoSwitch mode is re-armed by placing the 
device into Manual Select mode (
AUTO
 pin low) and then 
into AutoSwitch mode again (
AUTO
 pin high).
Following an automatic reselection and prior to 
selecting 
Manual Select mode (
AUTO
 pin low)
, the 
REF_SEL
 pin has no control of reference selection. 
To prevent an unintential reference reselection, 
AutoSwitch
 mode must not be re-enabled until the 
desired state of the 
REF_SEL
 pin is set and the 
LOL
 output 
is low. It is recommended to delay the re-arming of 
AutoSwitch
 mode, following an automatic reselection, 
to ensure the PLL is fully locked on the new reference. 
In most system configurations, where loop bandwidth is 
in the range of 100-1000 Hz and damping factor below 
10, a delay of 500 ms should be sufficient. Until the PLL 
is fully locked intermittent LOL pulses may occur. 
Example AutoSwitch Sequence
0 = Low; 1 = High. Example with 
REF_SEL
 initially set to 0 (
i.e.,
DIF_REF0
 selected)
REF_SEL
 Selected
ClockInput
REF_ACK AUTO LOL
 Conditions
Input
Output
Input
Output
Initialization
Device power-up.  Manual Select mode
. DIF_REF0 
input selected reference, not yet locked to.
LOL
 to 
0
:  Device locked to reference (may get intermittent LOL pulses until fully locked).
AUTO
 set to 
1
:  Device placed in AutoSwitch mode
 (
with 
DIF_REF0 
as initial reference clock).
0
DIF_REF0
0
0
1
0
DIF_REF0
0
0
-
0
-
0
DIF_REF0
0
-
1
-
0
Operation & Activation
Normal operation with AutoSwitch mode armed
, 
with 
DIF_REF0 
as initial reference clock.
LOL
 to 
1
:  Clock fault on 
DIF_REF0
, loss of lock indicated by 
LOL
 pin, ...
... and immediate automatic reselection to 
DIF_REF1 (
indicated
 by REF_ACK
 pin
)
.
LOL
 to 
0
:  Device locks to 
DIF_REF1
 (assuming valid clock on 
DIF_REF1).
0
DIF_REF0
0
1
0
0
0
0
DIF_REF0
-DIF_REF1-
0
1
1
1
-
1
-
1
-
0
-
-
1
-
1
DIF_REF1
Re-initialization
REF_SEL 
set to 
1
:  
P
repares for Manual Selection of 
DIF_REF1
 before then re-arming AutoSwitch.
AUTO
 set to 
0
:  Manual Select mode entered briefly, manually selecting 
DIF_REF1
 as reference.
AUTO
 set to 
1
:  Device is placed in AutoSwitch mode (delay recommended to ensure device fully 
locked), re-initializing AutoSwitch with 
DIF_REF1 
now specified as the initial reference clock.
-
1
-
DIF_REF1
1
1
0
1
DIF_REF1
1
-
0
-
0
1
DIF_REF1
1
-
1
-
0
Table 6: Example AutoSwitch Sequence