14
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FSCQ-Series Rev. 1.1.2
F
Functional Description
1. Startup:
Figure 4 shows the typical startup circuit and
the transformer auxiliary winding for the FSCQ-Series.
Before the FSCQ-Series begins switching, it consumes
only startup current (typically 25μA). The current sup-
plied from the AC line charges the external capacitor
(C
a1
) that is connected to the Vcc pin. When Vcc
reaches the start voltage of 15V (V
START
), the FSCQ-
Series begins switching, and its current consumption
increases to I
OP
. Then, the FSCQ-Series continues its
normal switching operation and the power required for
the FSCQ-Series is supplied from the transformer auxil-
iary winding, unless V
CC
drops below the stop voltage of
9V (V
STOP
). To guarantee the stable operation of the
control IC, V
CC
has under voltage lockout (UVLO) with
6V hysteresis. Figure 5 shows the relationship between
the operating supply current of the FSCQ-Series and the
supply voltage (V
CC
).
Figure 4. Startup circuit
Figure 5. Relationship Between Operating
Supply Current and Vcc Voltage
The minimum average of the current supplied from the
AC is given by:
where
V
acmin
is the minimum input voltage, V
start
is the
FSCQ-Series start voltage (15V)
,
and R
str
is the startup
resistor. The startup resistor should be chosen so that
I
supavg
is larger than the maximum startup current
(50μA).
Once the resistor value is determined, the maximum loss
in the startup resistor is obtained as:
where
V
acmax
is the maximum input voltage. The startup
resistor should have properly-rated dissipation wattage.
2. Synchronization:
The FSCQ-Series employs a quasi-
resonant switching technique to minimize the switching
noise and loss. In this technique, a capacitor (Cr) is
added between the MOSFET drain and the source as
shown in Figure 6. The basic waveforms of the quasi-
resonant converter are shown in Figure 7. The external
capacitor lowers the rising slope of the drain voltage to
reduce the EMI caused when the MOSFET turns off. To
minimize the MOSFET’s switching loss, the MOSFET
should be turned on when the drain voltage reaches its
minimum value as shown in Figure 7.
Figure 6. Synchronization Circuit
FSCQ-Series
AC line
(V
acmin
– V
acmax
)
1N4007
Da
I
sup
Rstr
V
CC
C
a1
C
a2
C
DC
I
CC
Vstop = 9V
Vz
Vstart = 15V
I
OP
V
CC
I
OP
Value
FSCQ0565RT : 4mA (Typ.)
FSCQ0765RT : 4mA (Typ.)
FSCQ0965RT : 6mA (Typ.)
FSCQ1265RT : 6mA (Typ.)
FSCQ1465RT : 7mA (Typ.)
FSCQ1565RT : 7mA (Typ.)
FSCQ1565RP : 7mA (Typ.)
I
START
Power Down
Power Up
I
sup
avg
2 V
----------------------------
min
V
--------------
–
R
str
---------
=
Loss
str
---------
V
-------------------------+
(
)
2
2
2 2
----------------------------------------------------
V
V
–
=
C
DC
C
a1
C
a2
D
SY
C
SY
R
SY1
R
SY2
R
CC
V
DC
–
V
ds
–
V
CC
V
CO
D
a
GND
Cr
Drain
Ids
Sync
+
Lm
Vo
+
Np
Na
Ns