AD5371
Rev. B | Page 18 of 28
OUTPUT AMPLIFIER
The output amplifiers can swing to 1.4 V below the positive
supply and 1.4 V above the negative supply, which limits how
much the output can be offset for a given reference voltage. For
example, it is not possible to have a unipolar output range of
20 V, because the maximum supply voltage is ±16.5 V.
CLR
DAC
CHANNEL
OFFSET
DAC
VOUT
R6
10k
R2
20k
S3
S2
S1
R4
60k
R3
20k
SIGGNDx
R5
60k
R1
20k
05
81
4-
0
22
Figure 22. Output Amplifier and Offset DAC
Figure 22 shows details of a DAC output amplifier and its
connections to its corresponding offset DAC. On power-up,
S1 is open, disconnecting the amplifier from the output. S3 is
closed, so the output is pulled to the corresponding SIGGNDx
(R1 and R2 are greater than R6). S2 is also closed to prevent the
output amplifier from being open-loop. If CLR is low at power-up,
the output remains in this condition until CLR is taken high.
The DAC registers can be programmed, and the outputs assume
the programmed values when CLR is taken high. Even if CLR is
high at power-up, the output remains in this condition until
VDD > 6 V and VSS < 4 V and the initialization sequence has
finished. The outputs then go to their power-on default value.
TRANSFER FUNCTION
DAC CODE
FULL-SCALE
ERROR
+
ZERO-SCALE
ERROR
ZERO-SCALE
ERROR
–4V
0
16383
8V
IDEAL
TRANSFER
FUNCTION
ACTUAL
TRANSFER
FUNCTION
OUTPUT
VOLTAGE
05
81
4-
0
08
Figure 23. DAC Transfer Function
The output voltage of a DAC in the AD5371 is dependent on the
value in the input register, the value of the M and C registers,
and the value in the offset DAC.
The input code is the value in the X1A or X1B register that is
applied to the DAC (X1A, X1B default code = 5461).
DAC_CODE = INPUT_CODE × (M + 1)/214 + C 213.
where:
M = code in gain register default code = 214 1.
C = code in offset register default code = 213.
The DAC output voltage is calculated as follows:
VOUT = 4 × VREFx × (DAC_CODE –
OFFSET_CODE)/214 + VSIGGND
where:
DAC_CODE should be within the range of 0 to 16,383.
VREF = 3.0 V for a 12 V span and 5.0 V for a 20 V span.
OFFSET_CODE is the code loaded to the offset DAC. On
power-up, the default code loaded to the offset DAC is 5461
(0x1555). With a 3 V reference, this gives a span of 4 V to +8 V.
REFERENCE SELECTION
The AD5371 has three reference input pins. The voltage applied
to the reference pins determines the output voltage span on
VOUT0 to VOUT39. VREF0 determines the voltage span for
VOUT0 to VOUT7 (Group 0), VREF1 determines the voltage
span for VOUT8 to VOUT15 (Group 1), and VREF2 deter-
mines the voltage span for VOUT16 to VOUT39 (Group 2 to
Group 4). The reference voltage applied to each VREF pin can
be different, if required, allowing each group to have a different
voltage span. The output voltage range and span can be adjusted
further by programming the offset and gain registers for each
channel and by programming the offset DACs. If the offset and
gain features are not used (that is, the M and C registers are left
at their default values), the required reference levels can be
calculated as follows:
VREF = (VOUTMAX VOUTMIN)/4
If the offset and gain features of the AD5371 are used, the
required output range is slightly different. The selected output
range should take into account the system offset and gain errors
that need to be trimmed out. Therefore, the selected output
range should be larger than the actual required range.
Calculate the required reference levels as follows:
1.
Identify the nominal output range on VOUT.
2.
Identify the maximum offset span and the maximum gain
required on the full output signal range.
3.
Calculate the new maximum output range on VOUT,
including the expected maximum offset and gain errors.
4.
Choose the new required VOUTMAX and VOUTMIN, keeping
the VOUT limits centered on the nominal values. Note that
VDD and VSS must provide sufficient headroom.
5.
Calculate the value of VREF as follows:
VREF = (VOUTMAX VOUTMIN)/4