M68HC11E Family — Rev. 5
Data Sheet
MOTOROLA
Timing System
141
Data Sheet — M68HC11E Family
Section 9. Timing System
9.1 Introduction
The M68HC11 timing system is composed of five clock divider chains. The main
clock divider chain includes a 16-bit free-running counter, which is driven by a
programmable prescaler. The main timer’s programmable prescaler provides one
of the four clocking rates to drive the 16-bit counter. Two prescaler control bits
select the prescale rate.
The prescaler output divides the system clock by 1, 4, 8, or 16. Taps off of this main
clocking chain drive circuitry that generates the slower clocks used by the pulse
accumulator, the real-time interrupt (RTI), and the computer operating properly
(COP) watchdog subsystems, also described in this section. Refer to
Figure 9-1
.
All main timer system activities are referenced to this free-running counter. The
counter begins incrementing from $0000 as the MCU comes out of reset and
continues to the maximum count, $FFFF. At the maximum count, the counter rolls
over to $0000, sets an overflow flag, and continues to increment. As long as the
MCU is running in a normal operating mode, there is no way to reset, change, or
interrupt the counting. The capture/compare subsystem features three input
capture channels, four output compare channels, and one channel that can be
selected to perform either input capture or output compare. Each of the three input
capture functions has its own 16-bit input capture register (time capture latch) and
each of the output compare functions has its own 16-bit compare register. All timer
functions, including the timer overflow and RTI, have their own interrupt controls
and separate interrupt vectors.
The pulse accumulator contains an 8-bit counter and edge select logic. The pulse
accumulator can operate in either event counting mode or gated time accumulation
mode. During event counting mode, the pulse accumulator’s 8-bit counter
increments when a specified edge is detected on an input signal. During gated time
accumulation mode, an internal clock source increments the 8-bit counter while an
input signal has a predetermined logic level.
The real-time interrupt (RTI) is a programmable periodic interrupt circuit that
permits pacing the execution of software routines by selecting one of four interrupt
rates.
F
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