-48V Hot-Swap Controllers with V
IN
Step Immunity and No R
SENSE
18   ______________________________________________________________________________________
Power-Up to Fault Management:
1)  Same as step 1 above. [GATE turn-on]
2)  Same as step 2 above. [V
OUT
ramp]
3)  GATE ramps to 90% of full enhancement while
V
OUT
remains above 72% V
CB
, at which point the
GATE is rapidly pulled to V
EE
and fault manage-
ment is initiated. [Fault management]
GATE Cycle During V
IN
Step
A step GATE cycle occurs only after a successful
power-up GATE cycle to full enhancement occurs and
as a result of a positive V
IN
step (all voltages are
relative to V
EE
).
Step to Full Enhancement:
1)  A V
IN
step occurs resulting in STEP_MON rising
above STEP
TH
before V
OUT
rises above V
SC
. [Step
detection]
2)  After a step is detected, V
OUT
rises above V
SC
in
response to the step. When V
OUT
rises above V
SC
,
GATE is immediately pulled to V
EE
, rapidly turning off
the power MOSFET. GATE is held at V
EE
for 350祍 to
dampen any ringing. Once GATE is pulled to V
EE
,
the gate cycle has begun and STEP_MON can safely
drop below STEP
TH
and successfully complete a
step GATE cycle to full enhancement without initiat-
ing fault management. [GATE pulldown]
3)  Following the 350祍 of GATE pulldown, GATE is
allowed to float for 650祍. At this point, the GATE
begins to ramp with 52礎(chǔ) charging the gate of the
power MOSFET. [GATE turn-on]
4)  When GATE reaches the gate threshold voltage of
the power MOSFET, V
OUT
begins to ramp down
toward the new lower V
EE
. In the interval where
GATE is below the MOSFET threshold, the MOSFET
is off and V
OUT
will droop depending on the RC
time constant of the load. [V
OUT
ramp]
5)  When V
OUT
ramps below 72% V
CB
, the GATE pulls
rapidly to full enhancement and the step GATE
cycle is complete. If STEP_MON remains above
STEP
TH
when GATE has ramped to 90% of full
enhancement and V
OUT
remains above 72% of
V
CB
, GATE remains at 90% and will not be pulled to
full enhancement. In this condition, if V
OUT
drops
below 72% of V
CB
before STEP_MON drops below
STEP
TH
, GATE is rapidly pulled to full enhancement
and the step GATE cycle is complete. PGOOD
remains asserted throughout the step GATE cycle.
[Full enhancement]
Step to Fault Management:
1)  Same as step 1 above. [Step detection]
2)  Same as step 2 above. [GATE pulldown]
3)  Same as step 3 above. [GATE turn-on]
4)  Same as step 4 above. [VOUT ramp]
5)  If STEP_MON is below STEP
TH
when GATE ramps
to 90% of full enhancement and V
OUT
remains
above 72% V
CB,
GATE is rapidly pulled to V
EE
.
Fault management is initiated and PGOOD is de-
asserted. If STEP_MON is above STEP
TH
when
GATE ramps to 90% of full enhancement and V
OUT
remains above 72% of V
CB
, GATE remains at 90%.
It will not be pulled to full enhancement nor will it be
pulled to V
EE
. In this condition, if V
OUT
drops below
72% of V
CB
before STEP_MON drops below
STEP
TH
, GATE is rapidly pulled to full enhancement
and a fault is avoided. Conversely, if STEP_MON
drops below STEP
TH
first, the GATE is rapidly
pulled to V
EE
, fault management is initiated, and
PGOOD is deasserted. [Fault management]
It should be emphasized that while STEP_MON remains
above STEP
TH
the current fault management is
blocked. During this time it is possible for there to be
multiple events involving V
OUT
rising above V
SC
then
those falling below 75% V
CB
. In each of these events,
when V
OUT
rises above V
SC
, a full GATE cycle is initiat-
ed where GATE is first pulled low then allowed to ramp
up. Then finally, when V
OUT
conditions are met, it will
be fully enhanced.
Figure 17. Protecting the MAX5936/MAX5937 Input from High-
Voltage Transients
0.1礔
1礔
68V
TVS
1k&
100k&
V
EE
PGOOD
GND
BACKPLANE
48V ?0%
PLUG-IN CARD