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LT1991
16
1991fb
Figure 10. Difference Amplifier Using the LT1991. Gain Is Set
Simply by Connecting the Correct Resistors or Combinations
of Resistors. Gain of 3 Is Shown, with Dashed Lines Modifying
It to Gain of 1.5. Noise Gain Is Optimal
Difference Amplifiers
The resistors in the LT1991 allow it to easily make differ-
ence amplifiers also. Figure 10 shows the basic 4-resistor
difference amplifier and the LT1991. A difference gain of
3 is shown, but notice the effect of the additional dashed
connections. By connecting the 450k resistors in parallel,
the gain is reduced by a factor of 2. Of course, with so
many resistors, there are many possible gains. Table 4
shows the difference gains and how they are achieved.
Note that, as for inverting amplifiers, the noise gain is 1
more than the signal gain.
Table 4. Connections Giving Difference Gains for the LT1991
Gain
V
IN+
0.077
P1
0.1
P1
0.25
P1
0.273
P3
0.3
P3
0.4
P1, P3
M1, M3
1
P1
1.5
P3
1.8
P9
2.25
P9
2.5
P1, P9
M1, M9
3
P3
4
P1, P3
M1, M3
4.5
P9
6
P3, P9
M3, M9
9
P9
10
P1, P9
M1, M9
12
P3, P9
M3, M9
13
P1, P3, P9
M1, M3, M9
V
IN–
M1
M1
M1
M3
M3
Output
M3, M9
M9
M3
M1, M9
M9
M9
GND (REF)
P3, P9
P9
P3
P1, P9
P9
P9
M1
M3
M9
M9
M1
P1
M1, M3
M3
M3
P1, P3
P3
P3
M3
M9
M1
M1
P1
P1
M9
APPLICATIOU
W
U
U
–
+
R
F
R
G
R
G
V
IN
+
V
IN
+
V
IN
–
V
IN
–
V
OUT
V
OUT
V
= GAIN (V
IN
GAIN = R
F
/R
G
+
– V
IN
–
)
–
+
1991 F10
50k
150k
450k
50k
150k
450k
450k
450k
8
6
5
9
10
1
2
3
LT1991
CLASSICAL DIFFERENCE AMPLIFIER USING THE LT1991
CLASSICAL DIFFERENCE AMPLIFIER IMPLEMENTED
WITH LT1991. R
F
= 450k, R
G
= 150k, GAIN = 3.
ADDING THE DASHED CONNECTIONS CONNECTS THE
TWO 450k RESISTORS IN PARALLEL, SO R
F
IS REDUCED
TO 225k. GAIN BECOMES 225k/150k = 1.5.
R
F
PARALLEL
TO CHANGE
R
F
, R
G
M9
M3
M1
P1
P3
P9
4pF
4pF