7
during operation could toggle the PGOOD signal and
exercise the overvoltage protection.
The DAC function is a precision non-inverting summation
amplifier shown in Figure 5. The resistor values shown are
only approximations of the actual precision values used.
Grounding any combination of the VID pins increases the
DACOUT voltage. The ‘open’ circuit voltage on the VID pins
is the band gap reference voltage, 1.26V.
Application Guidelines
Layout Considerations
As in any high frequency switching converter, layout is very
important. Switching current from one power device to another
can generate voltage transients across the impedances of the
interconnecting bond wires and circuit traces. These
interconnecting impedances should be minimized by using
wide, short printed circuit traces. The critical components
should be located as close together as possible using ground
plane construction or single point grounding.
Figure 6 shows the critical power components of the
converter. To minimize the voltage overshoot the
interconnecting wires indicated by heavy lines should be part
of ground or power plane in a printed circuit board. The
components shown in Figure 6 should be located as close
together as possible. Please note that the capacitors C
IN
and
C
O
each represent numerous physical capacitors. Locate the
HIP6005 within 3 inches of the MOSFET, Q1. The circuit
traces for the MOSFETs gate and source connections from
the HIP6005 must be sized to handle up to 1A peak current.
Figure 7 shows the circuit traces that require additional
layout consideration. Use single point and ground plane
construction for the circuits shown. Minimize any leakage
current paths on the SS PIN and locate the capacitor, C
ss
close to the SS pin because the internal current source is
only 10
μ
A. Provide local V
CC
decoupling between VCC and
GND pins. Locate the capacitor, C
BOOT
as close as practical
to the BOOT and PHASE pins.
Feedback Compensation
Figure 8 highlights the voltage-mode control loop for a buck
converter. The output voltage (V
OUT
) is regulated to the
Reference voltage level. The error amplifier (Error Amp)
output (V
E/A
) is compared with the oscillator (OSC)
triangular wave to provide a pulse-width modulated (PWM)
wave with an amplitude of V
IN
at the PHASE node. The
PWM wave is smoothed by the output filter (L
O
and C
O
).
The modulator transfer function is the small-signal transfer
function of V
OUT
/V
E/A
. This function is dominated by a DC
Gain and the output filter (L
O
and C
O
), with a double pole
break frequency at F
LC
and a zero at F
ESR
. The DC Gain of
the modulator is simply the input voltage (V
IN
) divided by the
peak-to-peak oscillator voltage
V
OSC
.
Modulator Break Frequency Equations
1.26V
VID3
VID2
VID1
VID0
COMP
DACOUT
ERROR
AMPLIFIER
2.7k
1.7k
5.4k
10.7k
21.5k
2.9k
DAC
VID4
3.6k
12k
12k
BAND GAP
REFERENCE
+
-
FB
+
-
FIGURE 5. DAC FUNCTION SCHEMATIC
L
O
C
O
UGATE
PHASE
Q1
D2
V
IN
V
OUT
RETURN
HIP6005
C
IN
L
FIGURE 6. PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD POWER AND
GROUND PLANES OR ISLANDS
HIP6005
SS
GND
V
CC
BOOT
D1
L
O
C
O
V
OUT
L
Q1
D2
PHASE
FIGURE 7. PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARD SMALL SIGNAL
LAYOUT GUIDELINES
+V
IN
C
BOOT
C
VCC
C
SS
+12V
F
LC
L
O
2
π
C
O
--------------------------------------
=
F
ESR
O
)
--------------------------------------------
=
HIP6005