
21
An internal band-gap reference voltage followed by an
amplifier/buffer generates the precision +2.5V reference
voltage used by the converter. A band-gap reference circuit
is used to generate a precision +1.25V internal reference
voltage. This voltage is then amplified by a wide-band
uncompensated operational amplifier connected in a
gain-of-two configuration. An external, user-supplied, 0.1
μ
F
capacitor connected from the V
ROUT
output pin to analog
ground is used to set the dominant pole and to maintain the
stability of the operational amplifier.
Reference Voltage Input, V
REFIN
The HI5662 is designed to accept a +2.5V reference voltage
source at the V
RIN
input pin. Typical operation of the
converter requires V
RIN
to be set at +2.5V. The HI5662 is
tested with V
RIN
connected to V
ROUT
yielding a fully
differential analog input voltage range of
±
0.5V.
The user does have the option of supplying an external
+2.5V reference voltage. As a result of the high input
impedance presented at the V
RIN
input pin, 1.25k
typically,
the external reference voltage being used is only required to
source 2mA of reference input current. In the situation where
an external reference voltage will be used an external 0.1
μ
F
capacitor
must
be connected from the V
ROUT
output pin to
analog ground in order to maintain the stability of the internal
operational amplifier.
In order to minimize overall converter noise it is
recommended that adequate high frequency decoupling be
provided at the reference voltage input pin, V
RIN
.
Analog Input, Differential Connection
The analog input of the HI5662 is a differential input that can
be configured in various ways depending on the signal
source and the required level of performance. A fully
differential connection (Figure 15 and Figure 16) will deliver
the best performance from the converter.
Since the HI5662 is powered by a single +5V analog supply,
the analog input is limited to be between ground and +5V.
For the differential input connection this implies the analog
input common mode voltage can range from 0.25V to 4.75V.
The performance of the ADC does not change significantly
with the value of the analog input common mode voltage.
A DC voltage source, I/QV
DC
, equal to 3.0V (typical), is made
available to the user to help simplify circuit design when using
an AC coupled differential input. This low output impedance
voltage source is not designed to be a reference but makes an
excellent DC bias source and stays well within the analog
input common mode voltage range over temperature.
For the AC coupled differential input (Figure 15) and with
V
RIN
connected to V
ROUT
, full scale is achieved when the
V
IN
and -V
IN
input signals are 0.5V
P-P
, with -V
IN
being
180 degrees out of phase with V
IN
. The converter will be at
positive full scale when the I/Q
IN
+ input is at V
DC
+ 0.25V and
the I/Q
IN-
input is at V
DC
- 0.25V (I/Q
IN+
- I/Q
IN-
= +0.5V).
Conversely, the converter will be at negative full scale when
the I/Q
IN+
input is equal to V
DC
- 0.25V and I/Q
IN-
is at
V
DC
+ 0.25V (I/Q
IN+
- I/Q
IN-
= -0.5V).
The analog input can be DC coupled (Figure 16) as long as
the inputs are within the analog input common mode voltage
range (0.25V
≤
VDC
≤
4.75V).
The resistors, R, in Figure 16 are not absolutely necessary
but may be used as load setting resistors. A capacitor, C,
connected from I/Q
IN
+ to I/Q
IN
- will help filter any high
frequency noise on the inputs, also improving performance.
Values around 20pF are sufficient and can be used on AC
coupled inputs as well. Note, however, that the value of
capacitor C chosen must take into account the highest
frequency component of the analog input signal.
Analog Input, Single-Ended Connection
The configuration shown in Figure 17 may be used with a
single ended AC coupled input.
Again, with V
RIN
connected to V
ROUT
, if V
IN
is a 1V
P-P
sinewave, then I/Q
IN+
is a 1.0V
P-P
sinewave riding on a
positive voltage equal to V
DC
. The converter will be at positive
fullscalewhenI/Q
IN+
isatV
DC
+ 0.5V (I/Q
IN+
- I/Q
IN-
= +0.5V)
and will be at negative full scale when I/Q
IN+
is equal to
V
DC
- 0.5V (I/Q
IN+
- I/Q
IN-
= -0.5V). Sufficient headroom must
be provided such that the input voltage never goes above +5V
I/Q
IN
+
I/QV
DC
I/Q
IN
-
HI5662
V
IN
-V
IN
R
R
FIGURE 15. AC COUPLED DIFFERENTIAL INPUT
I/Q
IN
+
I/QV
DC
I/Q
IN
-
HI5662
V
IN
-
V
IN
R
R
C
VDC
VDC
FIGURE 16. DC COUPLED DIFFERENTIAL INPUT
I/Q
IN
+
I/Q
IN
-
HI5662
V
IN
VDC
R
FIGURE 17. AC COUPLED SINGLE ENDED INPUT
HI5662