
Functional Description
(Continued)
5.0 OPTIONAL ADJUSTMENTS
5.1 Zero Error
The zero of the A/D does not require adjustment. If the mini-
mum analog input voltage value, V
, is not ground a
zero offset can be done. The converter can be made to out-
put 0000 0000 digital code for this minimum input voltage by
biasing any V
() input at this V
value. This utilizes
the differential mode operation of the A/D.
The zero error of the A/D converter relates to the location of
the first riser of the transfer function and can be measured by
grounding the V
() input and applying a small magnitude
positive voltage to the V
(+) input. Zero error is the differ-
ence between the actual DC input voltage which is neces-
sary to just cause an output digital code transition from 0000
0000 to 0000 0001 and the ideal
1
2
LSB value (
1
2
LSB=9.8
mV for V
REF
=5.000 V
DC
).
5.2 Full-Scale
The full-scale adjustment can be made by applying a differ-
ential input voltage which is 1
1
2
LSB down from the desired
analog full-scale voltage range and then adjusting the mag-
nitude of the V
input (or V
for the ADC0832) for a digi-
tal output code which is just changing from 1111 1110 to 1111
1111.
5.3 Adjusting for an Arbitrary Analog Input Voltage
Range
If the analog zero voltage of the A/D is shifted away from
ground (for example, to accommodate an analog input signal
which does not go to ground), this new zero reference
should be properly adjusted first. A V
IN
(+) voltage which
equals this desired zero reference plus
1
2
LSB (where the
LSB is calculated for the desired analog span, using 1 LSB=
analog span/256) is applied to selected “+” input and the
zero reference voltage at the corresponding “” input should
then be adjusted to just obtain the 00
HEX
to 01
HEX
code tran-
sition.
The full-scale adjustment should be made [with the proper
V
() voltage applied] by forcing a voltage to the V
IN
(+) in-
put which is given by:
where:
V
MAX
= the high end of the analog input range
and
V
MIN
=
the low end (the offset zero) of the analog
range.
(Both are ground referenced.)
The V
(or V
CC
) voltage is then adjusted to provide a code
change from FE
HEX
to FF
HEX
. This completes the adjust-
ment procedure.
6.0 POWER SUPPLY
A unique feature of the ADC0838 and ADC0834 is the inclu-
sion of a zener diode connected from the V
+
terminal to
ground which also connects to the V
terminal (which is the
actual converter supply) through a silicon diode, as shown in
Figure 3 (Note 3)
This zener is intended for use as a shunt voltage regulator to
eliminate the need for any additional regulating components.
This is most desirable if the converter is to be remotely lo-
cated from the system power source.Figure 4and Figure 5il-
lustrate two useful applications of this on-board zener when
an external transistor can be afforded.
An important use of the interconnecting diode between V
+
and V
is shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7 Here, this diode
is used as a rectifier to allow the V
supply for the converter
to be derived from the clock. The low current requirements of
the A/D and the relatively high clock frequencies used (typi-
cally in the range of 10k–400 kHz) allows using the small
value filter capacitor shown to keep the ripple on the V
line
to well under
1
4
of an LSB. The shunt zener regulator can
also be used in this mode. This requires a clock voltage
swing which is in excess of V
. A current limit for the zener is
needed, either built into the clock generator or a resistor can
be used from the CLK pin to the V
+
pin.
DS005583-11
FIGURE 3. An On-Chip Shunt Regulator Diode
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