參數(shù)資料
型號： MCM20014IBMN
廠商： MOTOROLA INC
元件分類： 模擬信號調(diào)理
英文描述： 1/3” Color VGA Digital Image Sensor
中文描述： SPECIALTY ANALOG CIRCUIT, CQCC48
封裝： CERAMIC, LCC-48
文件頁數(shù)： 9/54頁
文件大?。?/td> 761K
代理商： MCM20014IBMN
MCM20014
MOTOROLA
9
“
dark clamping
”
is active, each dark pixel is processed
and held to establish pixel reference level at the CLRCA
and CLRCB pins. During this period, the FRC
’
s differen-
tial outputs (V+ and V- on the Diff Amp,
Figure 10
) are
clamped to V
cm
. Together, these actions help to elimi-
nate the dark level offset, simultaneously establishing
the desired zero code at the ADC output.
Care should be exercised in choosing the capacitors for
the CLRCA, B pins to reflect different frame rates.
The user can disable this function via the
Capture Mode
Control Register, (Table 24), on page 31
which will al-
low the ASP chain to drift in offsetPer-Column Digital
Offset Voltage Adjust (DOVA)
A programmable per-column offset adjustment is avail-
able on the MCM20014. A user defined offset value can
be loaded via a 4-bit signed magnitude programming
code. This programmable DOVA allows the user to se-
lect offset coefficients for FPN & PRNU corrections and
channel offset normalization, and is used to correct for
column induced errors. In the default mode, data is au-
tomatically loaded into an onchip RAM that stores 704,
4 bit words representing offset coefficients for each in-
dividual column in the imaging array.
Figure 11
depicts
a conceptual view of how the automatic generation of
the per-column offsets is accomplished.
Figure 11. Conceptual illustration of the auto calib-
eration scheme for offset adjustment
The user can generate and load data for this function as
well. A dark frame can be analyzed to determine the ap-
propriate values to be loaded into the Per-Column
DOVA RAM (
Column DOVA RAM, (Table 19), on page
27
).
When the per-column feature is not used or necessary,
the user loads a 5-bit value into the
Column DOVA DC
Register, (Table 17), on page 26
to perform a global off-
set adjust prior to the gain stages of the ASP.
2.2.3 Digitally Programmable Gain Amplifiers
(DPGA)
Two DPGAs are available in the analog signal process-
ing chain. These are used to perform white balance and
exposure gain functions. Both are linearly programma-
ble via 6-bit registers.
2.2.3.1 White Balance Control PGA
The sensor produces three primary color outputs, Red,
Green and Blue. These are monochrome signals that
represent luminance values in each of the primary col-
ors. When added in equal amounts they mix to make
neutral color. White balancing is a technique where the
gain coefficients of the green(0), red, blue, and green(3)
pixels comprising the Bayer pattern (see
Figure 12
.) are
set so as to equalize their outputs for neutral color
scenes. Since the sensitivity of the two green pixels in
the Bayer pattern may not be equal, an individual color
gain register is provided for each component of the Bay-
er pattern.
Once all color gain registers are loaded with the desired
gain coefficients, white balance is achieved in real time
and in analog space. The appropriate values are select-
ed and applied to the pixel output via a high speed path,
the delay of which is much shorter than the pixel clock
rate. Real time updates can be performed to any of the
gain registers. However, latency associated with the I
2
C
interface should be taken into consideration before
changes occur. In most applications, users will be able
to assign predefined settings such as daylight, fluores-
cent, tungsten, and halogen to cover a wide gamut of il-
lumination conditions.
Both DPGA designs use switched capacitors to mini-
mize accumulated offset and improve measurement ac-
curacy and dynamic range. The white balance gain
registers are 6-bits and can be programmed to allow
gain of 0.9x to 4.6x in steps of 0.06x.
The user programs the individual gain coefficients into
the MCM20014 via the Color Gain Registers (
Table 3
through
Table 6
). For the default Bayer configuration of
the color filter array;
Figure 4
, the Color Gain Register
addresses are as follows: Reg (00h): green pixel of a
green-red row; Reg (01h): red pixel; Reg (02h): blue pix-
el; and Reg (03h): green pixel of a blue-green row.
The MCM20014 is presently available with only a Bayer
CFA, however, it is designed to support other novel col-
or configurations. This is accomplished via the
Color
Tile Configuration Register, (Table 7), on page 20
and
the Color Tile Row Definition registers (
Table 8
through
Table 11
).
4
Column Offset
Caliberation RAM (704 x 4)
Reference
AutoCal Math
DOVA
ADC
2.0x
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