LTC4259A
21
4259afb
the minimum specified current. The disconnect timer
counts up whenever port current is below 7.5mA (typ). If
the tDIS timer runs out, the corresponding port will be
turned off and the disconnect bit in the fault register will be
set. If the undercurrent condition goes away before the
tDIS timer runs out, the timer will reset. The timer will start
counting from the beginning if the undercurrent condition
occurs again. The undercurrent circuit includes a glitch
filter to filter out noise.
The DC disconnect feature can be disabled by clearing the
corresponding DC Discon Enable bits in the Disconnect
register (13h). The tDIS timer duration can be programmed
by bits 1 and 0 of register 16h.
The LTC4259A implements a variety of current sense and
limit thresholds to control current flowing through the
port. Figure 17 is a graphical representation of these
thresholds and the action the LTC4259A takes when
currrent crosses the thresholds.
counts to tDIS, the port is turned off and the port’s discon-
nect bit in the Fault Register is set. If the impedance falls
(AC current rises above IACDMIN) before the maximum
count of the disconnect timer, the timer resets and the port
remains powered.
Like DC disconnect, AC disconnect can also be disabled by
clearing the corresponding AC Discon Enable bits in the
Disconnect register (13h). AC disconnect is also affected
by the tDIS duration programmed in register 16h.
Unlike DC disconnect, AC disconnect has no continuous
time output to the timer. Rather, AC disconnect will reset
the timer once every cycle, 1/fOSCIN, of the OSCIN signal if
the port draws more than IACDMIN during that period.
Because of this behavior, the time to turn off the port after
PD removal, tDIS, may vary by up to one cycle of OSCIN
(1/fOSCIN) from the delay programmed with the tDIS1 and
tDIS0 bits. Note that AC disconnect and DC disconnect
signals that reset the tDIS timer are ORed together. Thus on
a port where both disconnect modes are enabled, either
disconnect sensing method can keep the port
powered even if the other reports that there is no PD
connected.
The AC disconnect circuitry senses the port and Power
over Ethernet connection from the DETECT pins. Connect
a 0.47
F 100V X7R capacitor (CDET) and a 1k resistor
(RDET) from the port’s DETECT pin to the port’s output as
shown in Figure 18. This provides an AC path for sensing
the port impedance. The 1k resistor, RDET, limits current
flowing through this path during port power on and power
off.
Sizing of capacitors is critical to ensure proper function of
AC disconnect. CPSE (Figure 18) controls the connection
impedance on the PSE side. Its capacitance must be kept
low enough for AC disconnect to be able to sense the PD.
For operation near 100Hz, use a CPSE of 0.1F. On the
other hand, CDET has to be large enough to pass the signal
at the frequency of OSCIN. For fOSCIN≈ 100Hz, use at least
a 0.47
F 100V X7R capacitor. The sizes of CPSE, CDET,
RDET and the frequency, fOSCIN, are chosen to create an
economical, physically compact and functionally
robust system. Moreover, the complete Power over Ether-
net AC disconnect system (PSE, transformers, cabling,
PD, etc.) is complex; deviating from the recommended
APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO
WU
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Figure 17. LTC4259A Current Sense and Limits
0mA
0mV
100mA
CURRENT
RS = 0.5
DC DIS-
CONNECT
CUT
(ICUT)
LIMIT
(ILIM)
SHORT
CIRCUIT
EFFECT
SENSE
n
VOLTAGE
50mV
200mA
100mV
300mA
150mV
400mA
200mV
500mA
250mV
600mA
300mV
CURRENT
LIMIT
PORT OFF IN tICUT
OR tSTART
CURRENT LIMIT
IN 1
s
NORMAL
OPERATION
PORT OFF IN tDIS
4259A F17
AC DISCONNECT
AC disconnect is an alternate method of sensing the pres-
ence or absence of a PD by monitoring the port impedance.
The LTC4259A forces a signal, amplified from the OSCIN
pin, out of the DETECT pins and onto the Power over Eth-
ernet connection. It calculates the connection impedance
from ohm’s law, ZPORT = VAC/IAC. Like DC disconnect, the
AC disconnect sensing circuitry controls the disconnect
timer. When the connection impedance rises (AC current
falls below IACDMIN) due to the removal of the PD, the dis-
connect timer counts up. If the impedance remains high
(AC current remains below IACDMIN), the disconnect timer