LT1013, LT1013A, LT1013D, LT1013Y
DUAL PRECISION OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS
SLOS018B – MAY 1988 – REVISED OCTOBER 1996
19
POST OFFICE BOX 655303
DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
APPLICATION INFORMATION
single-supply operation
The LT1013 is fully specified for single-supply operation (V
CC–
= 0). The common-mode input voltage range
includes ground, and the output swings to within a few millivolts of ground.
Furthermore, the LT1013 has specific circuitry that addresses the difficulties of single-supply operation, both
at the input and at the output. At the input, the driving signal can fall below 0 V, either inadvertently or on a
transient basis. If the input is more than a few hundred millivolts below ground, the LT1013 is designed to deal
with the following two problems that can occur:
1.
On many other operational amplifiers, when the input is more than a diode drop below ground, unlimited
current will flow from the substrate (V
CC–
terminal) to the input, which can destroy the unit. On the
LT1013, the 400-
resistors in series with the input (see schematic) protect the device even when the
input is 5 V below ground.
2.
When the input is more than 400 mV below ground (at T
A
= 25
°
C), the input stage of similar type
operational amplifiers saturates and phase reversal occurs at the output. This can cause lock up in
servo systems. Because of a unique phase-reversal protection circuitry (Q21, Q22, Q27, and Q28), the
LT1013 outputs do not reverse, even when the inputs are at –1.5 V (see Figure 24).
This phase-reversal protection circuitry does not function when the other operational amplifier on the LT1013
is driven hard into negative saturation at the output. Phase-reversal protection does not work on amplifier 1
when 2’s output is in negative saturation or on amplifier 2 when 1’s output is in negative saturation.
At the output, other single-supply designs either cannot swing to within 600 mV of ground or cannot sink more
than a few microproamperes while swinging to ground. The all-NPN output stage of the LT1013 maintains its
low output resistance and high gain characteristics until the output is saturated. In dual-supply operations, the
output stage is free of crossover distortion.
(a) VI(PP) = –1.5 V TO 4.5 V
(b) OUTPUT PHASE REVERSAL
EXHIBITED BY LM358
(c) NO PHASE REVERSAL
EXHIBITED BY LT1013
–1
0
1
2
3
4
5
–1
0
1
2
3
4
5
–1
0
1
2
3
4
5
–2
I
VO
V
Figure 24. Voltage-Follower Response With Input Exceeding
the Negative Common-Mode Input Voltage Range