參數(shù)資料
型號: LM4904
廠商: National Semiconductor Corporation
元件分類: 圓形連接器
英文描述: Circular Connector; MIL SPEC:MIL-C-5015; Body Material:Metal; Series:GT; No. of Contacts:4; Connector Shell Size:32; Connecting Termination:Crimp; Circular Shell Style:Wall Mount Receptacle; Body Style:Straight
中文描述: 1瓦音頻功率放大器
文件頁數(shù): 12/18頁
文件大小: 670K
代理商: LM4904
Application Information
(Continued)
from sources such as audio codecs. Please refer to the
section,
Audio Power Amplifier Design
, for a more com-
plete explanation of proper gain selection.
Besides gain, one of the major considerations is the closed-
loop bandwidth of the amplifier. To a large extent, the band-
width is dictated by the choice of external components
shown in
Figure 1
. The input coupling capacitor, C
, forms a
first order high pass filter which limits low frequency re-
sponse. This value should be chosen based on needed
frequency response for a few distinct reasons.
Selection Of Input Capacitor Size
Large input capacitors are both expensive and space hungry
for portable designs. Clearly, a certain sized capacitor is
needed to couple in low frequencies without severe attenu-
ation. But in many cases the speakers used in portable
systems, whether internal or external, have little ability to
reproduce signals below 100 Hz to 150 Hz. Thus, using a
large input capacitor may not increase actual system perfor-
mance.
In addition to system cost and size, click and pop perfor-
mance is effected by the size of the input coupling capacitor,
C
A larger input coupling capacitor requires more charge to
reach its quiescent DC voltage (nominally 1/2 V
DD
). This
charge comes from the output via the feedback and is apt to
create pops upon device enable. Thus, by minimizing the
capacitor size based on necessary low frequency response,
turn-on pops can be minimized.
Besides minimizing the input capacitor size, careful consid-
eration should be paid to the bypass capacitor value. Bypass
capacitor, C
B
, is the most critical component to minimize
turn-on pops since it determines how fast the LM4904 turns
on. The slower the LM4904’s outputs ramp to their quiescent
DC voltage (nominally 1/2 V
), the smaller the turn-on pop.
Choosing C
equal to 1.0 μF along with a small value of C
i
(in the range of 0.1 μF to 0.39 μF), should produce a virtually
clickless and popless shutdown function. While the device
will function properly, (no oscillations or motorboating), with
C
equal to 0.1 μF, the device will be much more susceptible
to turn-on clicks and pops. Thus, a value of C
equal to
1.0 μF is recommended in all but the most cost sensitive
designs.
AUDIO POWER AMPLIFIER DESIGN
A 1W/8
Audio Amplifier
Given:
Power Output
Load Impedance
Input Level
Input Impedance
1 Wrms
8
1 Vrms
20 k
Bandwidth
100 Hz–20 kHz
±
0.25 dB
A designer must first determine the minimum supply rail to
obtain the specified output power. By extrapolating from the
Output Power vs Supply Voltage graphs in the
Typical Per-
formance Characteristics
section, the supply rail can be
easily found.
5V is a standard voltage in most applications, it is chosen for
the supply rail. Extra supply voltage creates headroom that
allows the LM4904 to reproduce peaks in excess of 1W
without producing audible distortion. At this time, the de-
signer must make sure that the power supply choice along
with the output impedance does not violate the conditions
explained in the
Power Dissipation
section.
Once the power dissipation equations have been addressed,
the required differential gain can be determined from Equa-
tion 2.
(2)
R
f
/R
i
= A
VD
/2
From Equation 2, the minimum A
VD
is 2.83; use A
VD
= 3.
Since the desired input impedance was 20 k
, and with a
A
impedance of 2, a ratio of 1.5:1 of R
to R
results in an
allocation of R
= 20 k
and R
= 30 k
. The final design step
is to address the bandwidth requirements which must be
stated as a pair of 3 dB frequency points. Five times away
from a 3 dB point is 0.17 dB down from passband response
which is better than the required
±
0.25 dB specified.
f
L
= 100 Hz/5 = 20 Hz
f
H
= 20 kHz * 5 = 100 kHz
As stated in the
External Components
section, R
i
in con-
junction with C
i
create a highpass filter.
C
i
1/(2
π
*20 k
*20 Hz) = 0.397 μF; use 0.39 μF
The high frequency pole is determined by the product of the
desired frequency pole, f
, and the differential gain, A
.
With a A
= 3 and f
= 100 kHz, the resulting GBWP =
300kHz which is much smaller than the LM4904 GBWP of
2.5MHz. This figure displays that if a designer has a need to
design an amplifier with a higher differential gain, the
LM4904 can still be used without running into bandwidth
limitations.
L
www.national.com
12
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