INA337, INA338
SBOS222A
10
www.ti.com
Following this design procedure for R
1
produces the maxi-
mum possible input stage gain for best accuracy and lowest
noise.
Circuit layout and supply bypassing can affect performance.
Minimize the stray capacitance on pins 1 and 8. Use recom-
mended supply bypassing, including a capacitor directly from
pin 7 to pin 4 (V+ to V
–
), even with dual (split) power supplies
(see Figure 1).
DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE
The typical characteristic
“
Gain vs Frequency
”
shows that the
INA337 has nearly constant bandwidth regardless of gain.
This results from the bandwidth limiting from the recom-
mended filters.
NOISE PERFORMANCE
Internal auto-correction circuitry eliminates virtually all 1/f
noise (noise that increases at low frequency) in gains of 100
or greater. Noise performance is affected by gain-setting
resistor values. Follow recommendations in the
“
Setting
Gain
”
section for best performance.
Total noise is a combination of input stage noise and output
stage noise. When referred to the input, the total mid-band
noise is:
V
nV
Hz
nV
Hz
G
N
=
+
33
800
/
/
(3)
The output noise has some 1/f components that affect
performance in gains less than 10. See typical characteristic
“
Input-Referred Voltage Noise vs Frequency.
”
High-frequency noise is created by internal auto-correction
circuitry and is highly dependent on the filter characteristics
chosen. This may be the dominant source of noise visible
when viewing the output on an oscilloscope. Low cutoff
frequency filters will provide lowest noise. Figure 2 shows the
typical noise performance as a function of cutoff frequency.
Applications sensitive to the spectral characteristics of high-
frequency noise may require consideration of the spurious
frequencies generated by internal clocking circuitry.
“
Spurs
”
occur at approximately 90kHz and its harmonics (see typical
characteristic
“
Input Referred Ripple
”
) which may be reduced
by additional filtering below 1kHz.
Insufficient filtering at pin 5 can cause nonlinearity with large
output voltage swings (very near the supply rails). Noise
must be sufficiently filtered at pin 5 so that noise peaks do not
“
hit the rail
”
and change the average value of the signal.
Figure 2 shows guidelines for filter cutoff frequency.
HIGH-FREQUENCY NOISE
C
2
and C
O
form filters to reduce internally generated auto-
correction circuitry noise. Filter frequencies can be chosen to
optimize the tradeoff between noise and frequency response
of the application, as shown in Figure 2. The cutoff frequen-
cies of the filters are generally set to the same frequency.
Figure 2 shows the typical output noise for four gains as a
function of the
–
3dB cutoff frequency of each filter response.
Small signals may exhibit the addition of internally generated
auto-correction circuitry noise at the output. This noise,
combined with broadband noise, becomes most evident in
higher gains with filters of wider bandwidth.
INPUT BIAS CURRENT RETURN PATH
The input impedance of the INA337 is extremely high
—
approximately 10
10
. However, a path must be provided for
the input bias current of both inputs. This input bias current is
approximately
±
0.2nA. High input impedance means that this
input bias current changes very little with varying input voltage.
Input circuitry must provide a path for this input bias current
for proper operation. Figure 3 shows provisions for an input
bias current path in a thermocouple application. Without a
bias current path, the inputs will float to an undefined poten-
tial and the output voltage may not be valid.
FIGURE 2. Total Output Noise vs Filter Cutoff Frequency.
100
1
10
1k
10k
Required Filter Cutoff Frequency (Hz)
T
μ
V
R
)
1k
100
10
1
G = 10
G = 1
G = 100
G = 1000
INA337
Thermocouple
5
FIGURE 3. Providing Input Bias Current Return Path.