IDT / ICS 3.3V LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
7
ICS843204AGI-01 REV. A OCTOBER 18, 2007
ICS843204I-01
FEMTOCLOCKS CRYSTAL-TO-3.3V LVPECL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER
FIGURE 4. SINGLE ENDED SIGNAL DRIVING DIFFERENTIAL INPUT
Figure 4 shows how the differential input can be wired to accept
single ended levels. The reference voltage V_REF = V
CC
/2 is
generated by the bias resistors R1, R2 and C1. This bias circuit
should be located as close as possible to the input pin. The ratio
WIRING THE DIFFERENTIAL INPUT TO ACCEPT SINGLE ENDED LEVELS
of R1 and R2 might need to be adjusted to position the V_REF in
the center of the input voltage swing. For example, if the input
clock swing is only 2.5V and V
CC
= 3.3V, V_REF should be 1.25V
and R2/R1 = 0.609.
V_REF
R1
1K
C1
0.1u
R2
1K
Single Ended Clock Input
CLK
nCLK
VCC
LVCMOS TO XTAL INTERFACE
The XTAL_IN input can accept a single-ended LVCMOS signal
through an AC coupling capacitor. A general interface diagram is
shown in Figure 3. The XTAL_OUT pin can be left floating. The
input edge rate can be as slow as 10ns. For LVCMOS inputs, it is
recommended that the amplitude be reduced from full swing to
half swing in order to prevent signal interference with the power
rail and to reduce noise. This configuration requires that the output
FIGURE 3. GENERAL DIAGRAM FOR LVCMOS DRIVER TO XTAL INPUT INTERFACE
impedance of the driver (Ro) plus the series resistance (Rs) equals
the transmission line impedance. In addition, matched termination
at the crystal input will attenuate the signal in half. This can be
done in one of two ways. First, R1 and R2 in parallel should equal
the transmission line impedance. For most 50
Ω applications, R1
and R2 can be 100
Ω. This can also be accomplished by removing
R1 and making R2 50
Ω.
R2
Zo = 50
VDD
Ro
Zo = Ro + Rs
R1
VDD
XTAL_IN
XTAL_OUT
.1uf
Rs