
8
This multiplier has the advantage over other AGC circuits, in
that the signal bandwidth is not affected by the control signal
gain adjustment.
Voltage Controlled Amplifier
A wide range of gain adjustment is available with the Voltage
Controlled Amplifier configuration shown in Figure 16. Here
the gain of the HFA0002 can be swept from 20V/V to a gain
of almost 1000V/V with a DC voltage from 0V to 5V.
Wave Shaping Circuits
Wave shaping or curve fitting is another class of application
for the analog multiplier. For example, where a nonlinear
sensor requires corrective curve fitting to improve linearity
the HA-2556 can provide nonintegral powers in the range 1
to 2 or nonintegral roots in the range 0.5 to 1.0 (refer to
References). This effect is displayed in Figure 17.
A multiplier can’t do nonintegral roots “exactly”, but it can
yield a close approximation. We can approximate
nonintegral roots with equations of the form:
α
–
(
)
V
IN
1 2
α
V
IN
Figure 18 compares the function V
OUT
= V
IN0.7
to the
approximation V
OUT
= 0.5V
IN0.5
+ 0.5V
IN
.
This function can be easily built using an HA-2556 and a
potentiometer for easy adjustment as shown in Figures 19 and
20. If a fixed nonintegral power is desired, the circuit shown in
Figure 21 eliminates the need for the output buffer amp. These
circuits approximate the functionV
IN
nonintegral power or root.
M
where M is the desired
FIGURE 15. AUTOMATIC GAIN CONTROL
FIGURE 16. VOLTAGE CONTROLLED AMPLIFIER
NC
NC
V
Y
+
V-
V
OUT
V+
NC
NC
50
HA-2556
5k
10k
HA-5127
0.01
μ
F
+
-
10k
0.1
μ
F
1N914
5.6V
0.1
μ
F
+15V
20k
NC
NC
14
15
16
9
13
12
11
10
1
2
3
4
5
7
6
8
Σ
+
-
REF
Y
X
Z
NC
NC
V
X
+ (V
GAIN
)
V-
V
IN
V+
NC
NC
HFA0002
5k
V
OUT
500
NC
NC
HA-2556
+
-
14
15
16
9
13
12
11
10
1
2
3
4
5
7
6
8
Σ
+
-
REF
Y
X
Z
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
INPUT (V)
O
X
0.5
X
0.7
X
1.5
X
2
FIGURE 17. EFFECT OF NONINTEGRAL POWERS / ROOTS
V
o
1
2
α
V
IN
+
=
V
o
1
α
–
(
)
V
IN
+
=
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
INPUT (V)
O
X
X
0.7
0.5X
0.5
+ 0.5X
FIGURE 18. COMPARE APPROXIMATION TO NONINTEGRAL
ROOT
HA-2556