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參數(shù)資料
| 型號： | EVAL-ADE7757EB |
| 廠商： | Analog Devices, Inc. |
| 英文描述： | Energy Metering IC with Integrated Oscillator |
| 中文描述： | 電能計量IC集成振蕩器 |
| 文件頁數(shù)： | 11/14頁 |
| 文件大?。?/td> | 534K |
| 代理商： | EVAL-ADE7757EB |
–11–
PRELIMINARY TECHNICAL DATA
REV. PrC.
ADE7757
DIGITAL-TO-FREQUENCY CONVERSION
As previously described, the digital output of the low-pass filter
after multiplication contains the real power information. How-
ever, since this LPF is not an ideal
“
brick wall
”
filter imple-
mentation, the output signal also contains attenuated
components at the line frequency and its harmonics, i.e.,
cos(h
ω
t) where
h
= 1, 2, 3, . . . etc.
The magnitude response of the filter is given by:
2
2
9
8
1
1
.
)
(
f
f
H
+
=
(5)
For a line frequency of 50 Hz this would give an attenua-
tion of the 2
ω
(100 Hz) component of approximately
–
22 dB. The dominating harmonic will be at twice the line
frequency (2
ω
) due to the instantaneous power calculation.
Figure 21 shows the instantaneous real power signal at the
output of the LPF which still contains a significant amount
of instantaneous power information, i.e., cos (2
ω
t). This
signal is then passed to the digital-to-frequency converter
where it is integrated (accumulated) over time in order to
produce an output frequency. The accumulation of the
signal will suppress or average out any non-dc components
in the instantaneous real power signal. The average value
of a sinusoidal signal is zero. Hence the frequency gener-
ated by the ADE7757 is proportional to the average real
power. Figure 21 shows the digital-to-frequency conver-
sion for steady load conditions, i.e., constant voltage and
current.
ω
FREQUENCY (RAD/S)
LPF
DIGITAL-TO-
FREQUENCY
F1
F2
DIGITAL-TO-
FREQUENCY
CF
INSTANTANEOUS REAL POWER SIGNAL
(FREQUENCY DOMAIN)
MULTIPLIER
TIME
FF1
FCF
TIME
V
I
0
LREAL POWER
(DC TERM)
2
I
V
×
∑
∑
)
2
(
cos
ω
LPF
BY
ATTENUATED
ω
2
Figure 21. Real Power-to-Frequency Conversion
As can be seen in the diagram, the frequency output CF is
seen to vary over time, even under steady load conditions.
This frequency variation is primarily due to the cos (2
ω
t)
component in the instantaneous real power signal. The
output frequency on CF can be up to 2048 times higher
than the frequency on F1 and F2. This higher output fre-
quency is generated by accumulating the instantaneous
real power signal over a much shorter time while convert-
ing it to a frequency. This shorter accumulation period
means less averaging of the cos (2
ω
t) component. Conse-
quently, some of this instantaneous power signal passes
through the digital-to-frequency conversion. This will not
be a problem in the application. Where CF is used for
calibration purposes, the frequency should be averaged by
the frequency counter which will remove any ripple. If CF
is being used to measure energy; for example, in a micro-
processor-based application, the CF output should also be
averaged to calculate power.
Because the outputs F1 and F2 operate at a much lower
frequency, a lot more averaging of the instantaneous real
power signal is carried out. The result is a greatly attenu-
ated sinusoidal content and a virtually ripple-free fre-
quency output.
Interfacing the ADE7757 to a Microcontroller for Energy
Measurement
The easiest way to interface the ADE7757 to a
microcontroller is to use the CF high frequency output
with the output frequency scaling set to 2048 x F1, F2.
This is done by setting SCF = 0 and S0 = S1 = 1, see
Table III. With full-scale ac signals on the analog inputs,
the output frequency on CF will be approximately
2.867 kHz. Figure 22 illustrates one scheme which could
be used to digitize the output frequency and carry out the
necessary averaging mentioned in the previous section.
TIME
±
10%
AVERAGE
FREQUENCY
CF
FREQUENCY
RIPPLE
MCU
COUNTER
TIMER
CF
ADE7757
Figure 22. Interfacing the ADE7757 to an MCU
As shown, the frequency output CF is connected to an
MCU counter or port. This will count the number of
pulses in a given integration time which is determined by
an MCU internal timer. The average power is propor-
tional to the average frequency is given by:
Time
Counter
Power
Average
Frequency
Average
=
=
The energy consumed during an integration period is
given by:
Counter
Time
Time
Counter
Time
Power
Average
Energy
=
×
=
×
=
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