7
C-III Varistor Series
Varistor Products
High Energy Radial Lead
TABLE 1.
AC Bias Reliability
The C-III series of metal oxide varistors was designed for use on the AC
line. The varistor is connected across the AC line and is biased with a
constant amplitude sinusoidal voltage. It should be noted that the definition
of failure is a shift in the nominal varistor voltage (VN) exceeding ±10%.
Although this type of varistor is still functioning normally after this
magnitude of shift, devices at the lower extremities of VN tolerance
will begin to dissipate more power.
Because of this possibility, an extensive series of statistically designed
tests were performed to determine the reliability of the C-III type of varistor
under AC bias combined with high levels of temperature stress. To date,
this test has generated over 50,000 device hours of operation at a tempera-
ture of 125
o
C, although only rated at 85
o
C. Changes in the nominal varistor
voltage, measured at 1mA, of less than 2% have been recorded (Figure 8).
Transient Surge Current/Energy
Transient Capability
The transient surge rating serves as an excellent figure of merit for the C-III
varistor. This inherent surge handling capability is one of the C-III varistor’s
best features. The enhanced surge absorption capability results from
improved process uniformity and enhanced construction. The homogeneity
of the raw material powder and improved control over the sintering and
assembly processes are contributing factors to this improvement.
In the low power AC mains environment, industry standards (UL, IEC,
NEMA and IEEE) all suggest that the worst case surge occurrence will be
3kA. Such a transient event may occur up to five times over the equipment
life time (approximately 10 years). While the occu rences of five 3kA
transients is the required capability, the conservatively rated, repetitive
Additionally, all 20mm C-III devices are listed to the “Permanently
Connected” category (10kA) of UL1449, by Underwriter’s Laboratories, Inc.
As a measure of the inherent device capability, samples of the 20mm
V130LA20C devices were subjected to a worst case repetitive transient
surges test. After 100 pulses, each of 3kA, there was negligible change
in the device characteristics. Changes in the clamping voltage, measured
at 100 amps, of less than 3% were recorded (Figure 9). Samples of the
14mm Series V175LA20C were subjected to repetitive surge occur-
rences of 750A. Again, there was negligible changes in any of the device
characteristics after 250 pulses (Figure 10). In both cases the inherent
device capability is far in excess of the expected worst case scenario.
TEST
REFERENCE
STANDARD
TEST
CONDITIONS
TEST
RESULTS
Surge
Current
UL 1449
IEEE/ANSI
C62.41
9000A
(8/20
μ
s)
1 Pulse
0/165
IEC 1051
7000A
(8/20
μ
s)
2 Pulses
0/105
3000A
(8/20
μ
s)
20 Pulses
0/75
750A
(8/20
μ
s)
120 Pulses
0/65
Surge
Energy
UL 1449
IEEE/ANSI
C62.41
IEC 1051
90J
(2ms)
1 Pulse
0/125
Operating
Life
Mil-Std-202
Method 204D
125
o
C, 1000 Hours,
Rated Bias Voltage
0/180
Temporary
Overvoltage
N/A
120% Maximum
Rated Varistor Voltage
For 5 Minutes
0/70
FIGURE 8. HIGH TEMPERATURE OPERATING LIFE 125
o
C
FOR 1000 HOURS AT RATED BIAS
300
250
200
150
100
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900 1000 1100
TIME (HOURS)
V
N
V130LA20C
FIGURE 9. TYPICAL REPETITIVE SURGE CURRENT
CAPABILITY OF C-III SERIES MOVs
FIGURE 10. TYPICAL REPETITIVE SURGE CURRENT
CAPABILITY OF C-III SERIES MOVs
500
450
400
350
300
0
10
20
30
40
NUMBER OF SURGES
50
60
70
80
90 100 110 120
(RATED FOR 20 SURGES)
C
V130LA20C
3kA (8/20
μ
s)
600
550
500
450
400
350
3000
50
100
NUMBER OF SURGES
150
200
250
300
(RATED FOR 80 SURGES)
C
V175LA20C
750A (8/20
μ
s)