
AN-18
A
7/96
8
PRIMARY FINISH LEAD
(WITH SLEEVING)
REINFORCED 
INSULATION
BASIC
INSULATION
PIN
MARGIN (6x)
PI-1803-030896
SECONDARY
PRIMARY BIAS
PRIMARY SECOND 1/2 FINISH
PRIMARY SECOND 1/2 START
SLEEVING
PRIMARY FIRST 1/2 FINISH
PRIMARY FIRST 1/2 START
Figure 10A.  Margin Wound Secondary Regulated Transformer
      with Split Primary.
PRIMARY FINISH LEAD
(WITHOUT SLEEVING)
TRIPLE INSULATED
SECONDARY
REINFORCED 
INSULATION
BASIC
INSULATION
PIN
PI-1804-030896
PRIMARY SECOND 
1/2  FINISH
PRIMARY 
SECOND 1/2  START
PRIMARY BIAS
PRIMARY FIRST 1/2 FINISH
PRIMARY FIRST 1/2 START
Figure 10B.  Triple Insulated Secondary Regulated Transformer
      with Split Primary.
PI-1829-041696
SECONDARY
BIAS
PRIMARY
BIAS
PRIMARY
MARGIN
MARGIN
SECONDARY
OFFSET WINDING CONSTRUCTION
(NOT RECOMMENDED)
SPLIT BOBBIN CONSTRUCTION
(NOT RECOMMENDED)
Figure 9.  Offset and Split Bobbin Construction Techniques (Not Recommended).
EMI Reduction Techniques
The following transformer construction techniques help to
reduce EMI:
  Make the primary winding the innermost winding on the
   bobbin.
  The start of the primary winding should be connected to the
   TOPSwitch
 drain.
  For a secondary regulated transformer design, place the
   bias winding between primary and secondary to act as a
   shield.
Additional EMI/RFI reduction techniques include shielding
between primary and secondary windings, and the addition of
a “flux band” to reduce the stray field around the transformer.
Shields are placed between the primary and secondary of a
transformer to reduce the capacitive coupling of common mode
noise between primary and secondary.  The shield can be
referenced either to the primary high voltage supply or to the
primary return.  Typical shielded transformer constructions are
shown in Figure 11.  The most economical form of shield is a
wire shield.  This type of shield can be added to the transformer
with very few extra steps, since it consists of a winding
traversing the full width of the bobbin.    One end of the shield
winding is terminated to the primary return or primary V+
supply, while the other end of the winding is left floating,
insulated with tape, and buried inside the transformer instead of
being terminated to a pin.  The wire size used for a wire shield
is a compromise between a large size to minimize the number
of shield turns, and a relatively small wire size for ease of
termination.  24-27 AWG  wire is a reasonable compromise for
small to medium size transformers.
In some cases, the stray magnetic field around a switching
power supply transformer can interfere with adjacent circuitry
and contribute to EMI.   To reduce this stray field, a copper “flux