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AD5934
Data Sheet
Rev. C | Page 24 of 32
SERIAL BUS INTERFACE
Control of the AD5934 is carried out via the I2C-compliant serial interface protocol. T
he AD5934 is connected to this bus
as a slave device under the control of a master device. The
AD5934 has a 7-bit serial bus slave address. When the device is
powered up, it has a default serial bus address, 0001101 (0x0D).
GENERAL I2C TIMING
Figure 25 shows the timing diagram for general read and write
operations using the I2C-compliant interface.
The master initiates data transfer by establishing a start condition,
defined as a high-to-low transition on the serial data line (SDA)
while the serial clock line (SCL) remains high. This indicates
that a data stream follows. The slave responds to the start condition
and shifts in the next 8 bits, consisting of a 7-bit slave address
(MSB first) and an R/W bit, which determines the direction of
the data transfer, that is, whether data is written to or read from
the slave device (0 = write, 1 = read).
The slave responds by pulling the data line low during the low
period before the ninth clock pulse, known as the acknowledge
bit, and holding it low during the high period of this clock
pulse. All other devices on the bus remain idle while the selected
device waits for data to be read from or written to it. If the R/W
bit is 0, the master writes to the slave device. If the R/W bit is 1,
the master reads from the slave device.
Data is sent over the serial bus in sequences of nine clock
pulses, 8 bits of data followed by an acknowledge bit, which can
be from the master or slave device. Data transitions on the data
line must occur during the low period of the clock signal and
remain stable during the high period because a low-to-high
transition when the clock is high can be interpreted as a stop
signal. If the operation is a write operation, the first data byte
after the slave address is a command byte. This tells the slave
device what to expect next. It may be an instruction telling the
slave device to expect a block write, or it may be a register address
that tells the slave where subsequent data is to be written. Because
data can flow in only one direction as defined by the R/W bit, it
is not possible to send a command to a slave device during a
read operation. Before performing a read operation, it is sometimes
necessary to perform a write operation to tell the slave what sort
of read operation to expect and/or the address from which data
is to be read.
When all data bytes are read or written, stop conditions are
established. In write mode, the master pulls the data line high
during the 10th clock pulse to assert a stop condition. In read
mode, the master device releases the SDA line during the low
period before the ninth clock pulse, but the slave device does
not pull it low. This is known as a no acknowledge. The master
then takes the data line low during the low period before the
10th clock pulse, and then high during the 10th clock pulse to
assert a stop condition.
0
1
0
1
R/W
D7
D6
D5
D4
D3
D2
D1
D0
START CONDITION
BY MASTER
ACKNOWLEDGED BY
AD5934
SLAVE ADDRESS BYTE
ACKNOWLEDGED BY
MASTER/SLAVE
SCL
SDA
REGISTER ADDRESS
05325-
048
Figure 25. Timing Diagram