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| 型號(hào)： | 21046 |
| 英文描述： | Making the Most of the Am186ER or Am188ER Microcontroller Application Note? 179KB (PDF) |
| 中文描述： | 制作的Am186ER或Am188ER微控制器應(yīng)用筆記最多？ 179KB（PDF格式） |
| 文件頁(yè)數(shù)： | 1/7頁(yè) |
| 文件大?。?/td> | 179K |
| 代理商： | 21046 |
Publication#
21046
Issue Date:
September 1996
Rev:
A
Amendment/
0
This document contains information on a product under development at Advanced Micro Devices. The information
is intended to help you evaluate this product. AMD reserves the right to change or discontinue work on this proposed
product without notice.
Making the Most of the
Am186
ER or Am188
ER Microcontroller
Application Note
by Melanie Typaldos
The AMD
Am186
ER and Am188
ER microcontrollers provide a major advancement in systems
integration by bringing 32 Kbyte of zero-wait-state RAM onto the microcontroller. This incorporation
of system-level RAM onto the controller brings the advantages of reduced system cost, reduced
power consumption, and smaller board size. With these advantages comes the challenge of utilizing
this new resource to the greatest advantage in a given system. This application note describes how
to use an internal chip select to access the internal RAM of the Am186ER controller, and the de-
bugging support provided by the processor for code or data located in this internal RAM. All refer-
ences in the document to the Am186ER apply equally to the Am188ER microcontroller.
OVERVIEW OF AM186ER CONTROLLER
The 80186 microcontroller and its derivative parts con-
tinue to be popular in embedded applications. AMD
has been a leader in the continuing development of the
186 with its Am186 product line. AMD’s most recent
addition to the Am186 family is the Am186ER micro-
controller. The Am186ER microcontroller is a direct de-
scendent of the popular Am186EM microcontroller,
which was introduced in 1994.
Like the Am186EM microcontroller, the Am186ER mi-
crocontroller provides 12 external chip-selects signals,
a demultiplexed address bus, 3 timers and a watchdog
timer, an asynchronous serial port, a synchronous se-
rial interface, 5 external interrupt pins, 2 DMA chan-
nels, and 32 programmable input/output pins. In
addition, the Am186ER provides 32 Kbyte of internal,
zero-wait-state RAM, and a 4x clock mode. The
Am186ER microcontroller is available in speeds up to
40 MHz in a 100-pin PQFP or TQFP package at 3 V
with 5-V tolerant I/O.
MEMORY AND CHIP SELECT
CONFIGURATIONS
The internal RAM of the Am186ER microcontroller is
accessed via an internal chip select. The function of
this chip select is similar to the function of traditional
186 external chip selects. The use and configuration of
the internal RAM must take place within the context of
the total system. The final system configuration will be
heavily dependent on the need for external memory or
memory-mapped peripherals, and on the allocation of
the external chip selects to access these devices. The
chip select signals available on the Am186ER micro-
controller are summarized in Table 1.
Table 1.
Am186ER Microcontroller Chip Select Signals
Chip Select
Name
Normal Usage
Number
of
Signals
Size (total for
all associated
signals)
Wait States
External Ready
Comments
UCS
(Upper Chip
Select)
ROM boot code
1
64 Kbyte to
512 Kbyte
From 0 to 3
Configurable to
use or ignore
external ready
Ending address is always at
the top of memory (0xfffff)
LCS
(Lower Chip
Select)
RAM data
1
64 Kbyte to
512 Kbyte
From 0 to 3
Configurable to
use or ignore
external ready
Starting address is always at
the bottom of memory
(0x00000)
MCS
(Middle Chip
Selects)
Slow memory or
memory mapped
peripherals
4
8 Kbyte to
512 Kbyte
From 0 to 3
Configurable to
use or ignore
external ready
Base address must be
multiple of total block size
PCS
(Peripheral
Chip Selects)
I/O or memory
mapped
peripherals
6
1536 byte
PCS3-0 from 0 to 15
PCS6-5 from 0 to 3
Configurable to
use or ignore
external ready
May be mapped to memory
or I/O space; PCS4 is not
available
ICS
Internal RAM
1
32 Kbyte
0
Does not use
external ready
Base address must be
multiple of 32 Kbyte; not
visible externally
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