![](http://datasheet.mmic.net.cn/110000/5S3-3500SD_datasheet_3278455/5S3-3500SD_4.png)
A
11 to 17 Watt SD Single Series DC/DC Converters
Manufacturing Company, Inc. Concord, California 94520 Ph: 925/687-4411 or 800/542-3355 Fax: 925/687-3333 www.calex.com Email: sales@calex.com
4
When using the SD Single be sure that the impedance at
the input to the converter is less than about 0.075 ohms from
DC to about 100 kHz, this is usually not a problem in battery
powered systems when the converter is connected directly to
the battery. If the converter is located more than about 2
inches from the input source an added capacitor may be
required directly at the input pins for proper operation.
The maximum source impedance is a function of output
power and line voltage. The impedance can be higher when
operating at less than full power. The required impedance
reduces as the input voltage is raised or the power is reduced.
In general you should keep the voltage measured across the
input pins less than 0.2 volts peak to peak (not including any
high frequency spikes) for maximum converter performance
and life.
There is no lower limit on the allowed source impedance,
it can be any physically realizable value, even approaching
zero.
If the source impedance is too large in your system you
should choose an external input capacitor as detailed below.
Picking An External Input Capacitor
Several system tradeoffs must be made for each particular
system application to correctly size the input capacitor.
The probable result of undersizing the capacitor is increased
self heating, shortening it’s life. Oversizing the capacitor can
have a negative effect on your products cost and size,
although this kind of overdesign does not result in shorter life
of any components.
There is no one optimum value for the input capacitor. The
size and capacity depend on the following factors:
1) Expected ambient temperature and your derating
guidelines.
2) The maximum anticipated load on the converter.
3) The input operating voltage, both nominal and excursions.
4) The statistical probability that your system will spend a
significant time at any worst case extreme.
Factor 1 depends on your system design guidelines.
These can range from 50 to 100% of the manufacturers listed
maximum rating, although the usual derating factor applied is
about 70%.
Factors 2 and 3 realistically determine the worst case ripple
current rating required for the capacitor.
Factor 4 is not easy to quantify. At CALEX we can make no
assumptions about a customers system so we leave to you
the decision of how you define how big is big enough.
Suggested Input Capacitor Sources
These capacitors may be used to lower your sources input
impedance at the input of the converter. These capacitors will
work for 100% load, worst case input voltage and ambient
temperature extremes. They however, may be oversized for
your exact usage. You may also use several smaller capacitors
in parallel to achieve the same ripple current rating. This may
save space in some systems.
Lowest Cost:
United Chemi-Con
SXE, RXC, RZ and RZA series
Suggested Part:
SXE016VB681M12.5X15LL
680F, 16V, 105°C RATED
ESR=0.12 OHMS
Allowable Ripple at 85°C = 1.7 A
Panasonic
HFG and HFQ Series
Suggested Part:
ECA1CFG102
1000F, 16V, 105°C RATED
ESR=0.076 OHMS
Allowable Ripple at 85°C = 1.6 A
Smallest Size:
Sprague/Vishay
195D Series (SMT)
Suggested Part:
195D686X0016R2T
68F, 16V, 125°C RATED
ESR=0.2 OHMS (maximum)
Allowable Ripple at 85°C = 1.1 A
Applying The Output
Figure 1 shows typical output connections for the SD single.
The specified capacitor should be used for improved dynamic
performance. The capacitance can be a low cost aluminum
electrolytic type and can be broken up or “Distributed” around
your circuit.
The ESR requirements of the output capacitance are not
particularly stringent. Any capacitor with an ESR of less than
about 0.7 ohms will work well. Use the low cost / general
purpose types for maximum cost effectiveness. The use of a
high performance / low ESR type will help to reduce the high
frequency noise and add extra stability at light loads.
Suggested Output Capacitor Sources
These capacitors will work for 100% load, worst case input
voltage and ambient temperature extremes. They however,
may be oversized for your exact usage. You may also use
several smaller capacitors in parallel to achieve the same
capacitance rating. This may save space in some systems.
United Chemi-Con
KME, KMC and KRG series
Suggested Part:
KRG6.3VB102M12.5X12.5LL
1000F, 6.3V, 105°C Rated
Nichicon
VZ and VX series
Suggested Part:
UVZ0J102MPH
1000F, 6.3V, 105°C Rated
Panasonic
NHE and NXS Series
Suggested Part:
ECEA0JGE102
1000F, 6.3V, 105°C Rated