AD9516-5
Rev. A | Page 40 of 76
Let
Δt = delay (in seconds).
Φx.y = 16 × SH[0] + 8 × PO[3] + 4 × PO[2] + 2 × PO[1] +
1 × PO[0].
TX.1 = period of the clock signal at the input to DX.1 (in seconds).
TX.2 = period of the clock signal at the input to DX.2 (in seconds).
Case 1
When Φx.1 ≤ 15 and Φx.2 ≤ 15:
Δt = Φx.1 × TX.1 + ΦX.2 × Tx.2
Case 2
When Φx.1 ≤ 15 and Φx.2 ≥ 16:
Δt = ΦX.1 × TX.1 + (ΦX.2 – 16 + MX.2 + 1) × TX.2
Case 3
When ΦX.1 ≥ 16 and ΦX.2 ≤ 15:
Δt = (ΦX.1 16 + MX.1 + 1) × TX.1 + ΦX.2 × TX.2
Case 4
When ΦX.1 ≥ 16 and ΦX.2 ≥ 16:
Δt =
(ΦX.1 16 + MX.1 + 1) × TX.1 + (ΦX.2 16 + MX.2 + 1) × TX.2
Fine Delay Adjust (Divider 3 and Divider 4)
Each
AD9516 LVDS/CMOS output (OUT6 to OUT9) includes
an analog delay element that can be programmed to give variable
time delays (Δt) in the clock signal at that output.
DIVIDER
X.2
DIVIDER
X.1
t
OUTM
BYPASS
FINE DELAY
ADJUST
CMOS
LVDS
CMOS
t
OUTN
BYPASS
FINE DELAY
ADJUST
CMOS
LVDS
CMOS
OUTPUT
DRIVERS
CLK
VCO
DIVIDER
079
72-
072
Figure 44. Fine Delay (OUT6 to OUT9)
The amount of delay applied to the clock signal is determined
by programming four registers per output (see
Table 41).Table 41. Setting Analog Fine Delays
OUTPUT
(LVDS/CMOS)
Ramp
Capacitors
Ramp
Current
Delay
Fraction
Delay
Bypass
OUT6
0x0A1[5:3]
0x0A1[2:0]
0x0A2[5:0]
0x0A0[0]
OUT7
0x0A4[5:3]
0x0A4[2:0]
0x0A5[5:0]
0x0A3[0]
OUT8
0x0A7[5:3]
0x0A7[2:0]
0x0A8[5:0]
0x0A6[0]
OUT9
0x0AA[5:3]
0x0AA[2:0]
0x0AB[5:0]
0x0A9[0]
Calculating the Fine Delay
The following values and equations are used to calculate the
delay of the delay block.
IRAMP (μA) = 200 × (Ramp Current + 1)
Number of Capacitors = Number of Bits =
0 in Ramp Capacitors + 1
Example: 101 = 1 + 1 = 2; 110 = 1 + 1 = 2; 100 = 2 + 1 = 3;
001 = 2 + 1 = 3; 111 = 0 + 1 = 1.
Delay Range (ns) = 200 × ((No. of Caps + 3)/(IRAMP)) × 1.3286
6
1
10
1600
0.34
ns
4
RAMP
I
Caps
of
No.
I
Offset
Delay Full Scale (ns) = Delay Range + Offset
Fine Delay (ns) =
Delay Range × Delay Fraction × (1/63) + Offset
Note that only delay fraction values up to 47 decimal (101111b;
0x02F) are supported.
In no case can the fine delay exceed one-half of the output clock
period. If a delay longer than half of the clock period is attempted,
the output stops clocking.
The delay function adds some jitter that is greater than that
specified for the nondelayed output. This means that the delay
function should be used primarily for clocking digital chips, such
as FPGA, ASIC, DUC, and DDC. An output with this delay
enabled may not be suitable for clocking data converters. The
jitter is higher for long full scales because the delay block uses a
ramp and trip points to create the variable delay. A slower ramp
time produces more time jitter.
Synchronizing the Outputs—SYNC Function
The
AD9516 clock outputs can be synchronized to each other.
Outputs can be individually excluded from synchronization.
Synchronization consists of setting the nonexcluded outputs to
a preset set of static conditions and, subsequently, releasing
these outputs to continue clocking at the same instant with the
preset conditions applied. This allows for the alignment of the
edges of two or more outputs or for the spacing of edges
according to the coarse phase offset settings for two or more
outputs.
Synchronization of the outputs is executed in several ways:
By forcing the SYNC pin and then releasing it (manual sync)
By setting and then resetting any one of the following three
bits: the soft SYNC bit (Register 0x230[0]), the soft reset bit
(Register 0x000[2] [mirrored]), or the power-down
distribution reference bit (Register 0x230[1])
By executing synchronization of the outputs as part of the
chip power-up sequence
By forcing the RESET pin low, then releasing it (chip reset)
By forcing the PD pin low, then releasing it (chip power-down)