
AD805
–4–
REV. 0
GLOSSARY
AD805 performance is specified using a Vectron C0-434Y ECL
Series Hybrid VCXO, SCD No. 434Y2365.
Nominal Data Rate
This is the data rate that the circuit is specified to operate on.
The data format is Nonreturn to Zero (NRZ).
Operating Temperature Range (T
MIN
to T
MAX
)
This is the operating temperature range of the AD805 in the
circuit. Each of the additional components of the circuit is held
at 25
°
C, nominal. The operating temperature range of the
circuit can be extended to the operating temperature range of
the AD805 through the selection of circuit components that
operate from T
MIN
to T
MAX
.
Tracking Range
This is the range of input data rates over which the circuit will
remain in lock. The VCXO CONTROL voltage range and the
VCXO frequency range determine circuit tracking range.
Capture Range
This is the range of frequencies over which the circuit can
acquire lock. The VCXO CONTROL voltage range and the
VCXO frequency range determine circuit capture range.
Static Phase Error
This is the steady-state phase difference, in degrees, between the
recovered clock sampling edge and the optimum sampling
instant, which is assumed to be halfway between the rising and
falling edges of a data bit. Gate delays between the signals that
define static phase error and IC input and output signals
prohibit direct measurement of static phase error.
Recovered Clock Skew, T
RCS
This is the time difference, in ns, between the recovered clock
signal rising edge midpoint and midpoint of the rising or falling
edge of the output data signal. Refer to Figure 1.
Data Transition Density,
r
This is a measure of the number of data transitions, from “0” to
“1” and from “1” to “0,” over many clock periods.
ρ
is the ratio
(0
≤
ρ
≤
1) of data transitions to clock periods.
Transitionless Data Run
This is measured by interrupting an input data pattern with
ρ
= 1/2 with a block of data bits without transitions, and then
reapplying the
ρ
= 1/2 input data. The circuit will handle this
sequence without making a bit error. The length of the block of
input data without transitions that an AD805-VCXO circuit can
handle is a function of the VCXO K
0
. The VCXO in the circuit
of Figure 12 has a K
0
of 60 radians/volt, nominally.
Jitter
This is the dynamic displacement of digital signals from their
long term average positions, measured in degrees rms, or Unit
Intervals (UI). Jitter on the input data can cause dynamic phase
errors on the recovered clock. Jitter on the recovered clock
causes jitter on the retimed data.
Output Jitter
This is the jitter on the retimed data, in degrees rms, due to a
specific pattern or some pseudo-random input data sequence
(PRN Sequence). The random output jitter of the VCXO
contributes to Output Jitter.
Jitter Tolerance
Jitter tolerance is a measure of the circuit’s ability to track a
jittery input data signal. Jitter on the input data is best thought
of as phase modulation and is usually specified in Unit Intervals
(UI). The circuit will have a bit error rate less than 1
×
10
–10
when in lock and retiming input data that has the specified jitter
applied to it.
Refer to the THEORY OF OPERATION section for a descrip-
tion of the jitter tolerance of the AD805-VCXO circuit.
Jitter Transfer
The circuit exhibits a low-pass filter response to jitter applied to
its input data. The circuit jitter transfer characteristics are
measured using the method described in CCITT Recommenda-
tion G.958, Geneva 1990, Section 6.3.2. This method involves
applying sinusoidal input jitter up to the jitter tolerance mask
level for an STM-1 Type A regenerator.
Bandwidth
This describes the frequency at which the circuit attenuates
sinusoidal input jitter by 3 dB.
Peaking
This describes the maximum jitter gain of the circuit in dB.
Acquisition Time
This is the transient time, measured in bit periods, required for
the circuit to lock on input data from its free-running state.
Buffered Clock Distortion
This is a measure of the duty cycle distortion at the AD805
CLKOUT signals relative to the duty cycle distortion at the
AD805 CLKIN signals.
Bit Error Rate vs. Signal-to-Noise Ratio
The AD805 is intended to operate with standard ECL signal
levels at the data input. Although not recommended, smaller
input signals are tolerable. Figure 6 shows the bit error rate
performance versus input signal-to-noise ratio for input signal
amplitudes of full 900 mV ECL, and decreased amplitudes of
80 mV and 20 mV. Wideband amplitude noise is summed with
the data signals as shown in Figure 2. The full ECL, 80 mV,
and 20 mV input signals give virtually indistinguishable results.
The axes used for Figure 6 are scaled so that the theoretical Bit
Error Rate vs. Signal to Noise Ratio curve appears as a straight
line. The curve that fits the actual data points has a slope that
matches the slope of the theoretical curve for all but the higher
values of signal-to-noise ratio and lower values of bit error rate.
For high values of signal-to-noise ratio, the noise generator used
clips, and therefore is not true Gaussian. The extreme peaks of
the noise cause bit errors for high signal to noise ratios and low
bit error rates. The clipping of the noise waveform limits bit
errors in these cases.